语言学导论

Part One

Chapter l Language and Linguistics

1.1.Nature and Properties of Human Language

1.1.1.The nature of human language

1.1.2.The comparison between human language and animal communication systems

1.1.3.The definitions of language

1.2.Functions of Human Language

1.2.1.From a learner's individual, pragmatic point of view

1.2.2.From an interactive point of view

1.2.3.From a social point of view

1.3.Linguistics

1.3.1 The definition of linguistics

1.3.2.The major branches of general linguistics

1.3.3.The basic concepts in linguistics

1.3.4.The major modern linguistic schools and theories

1.3.5.Representative figures of schools of linguistics

1.4.The Study of Language in Functional Approach

Tooics for Discussion

Books for Reference

Exercises for the Chapter

Part Two

ChaDter 2 Language, Thought and Reality

2.1.Early Theories Concerning the Relationship Between Language, Thought and Reality

2.1.1.Monism

2.1.2.Dualism

2.1.3.Saussure's Sign Theory, Richard and Ogden's Semantic Triangle

2.2.Sapir-Whorf Hypotheses

2.2.1.Introduction to Sapir and Whorf

2.2.2.Sapir's Linguistic Relativity

2.2.3.Whorf's Linguistic Determinism

2.3.Argument Concerning the Issue

2.3.1.Supporting views

2.3.2.Criticism on Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

2.4.Other Views Concerning the Relationship Between Language, Thought and Reality

2.5.The Insight the Debate Has Brought to Us

2.6.Comparison of the Thinking Patterns of Chinese and English- Speaking Peopte

Topics for Discussion

Books for reference

Exercises for the Chapter

Chapter 3 Language, Culture, Society and Individuals

3.1.The Relationship Between Language and Culture

3.1.1.Definitions of culture

3.1.2.The nature of culture

3.1.3.The universality in biology, culture and language

3.1.4.The peculiarity in biology, culture and language

3.1.5.The dialectal relation between lantzuage and culture

3.1.6.Problems concerning language and culture

3.2.The Relationship Between Language and Society

3.2.1.Language is first of all a social phenomenon.

3.2.2.Human societies are varied, soj are their languages.

3.3.The Relationship Between Language and Individuals

3.3.1.Language is an important means of survival for every individual.

3.3.2.Language is a tool of learning for everybody.

3.3.3.Every speaker has his own style.

3.3.4.Every speaker is a member of the soeech communitv.

3.4.Comparison Between the Two Major Culture Models

3.4.1.High-Context Cultures and Low-Context Cultures

3.4.2.P-Time Culture and M-Time Culture

3.5.Cross-Cultural Communication

3.5.1.Problems in cross-cultural communication

3.5.2.The importance of non-verbal communication

3.5.3.The ability to communicate effectively in cross-cultural settings

Topics for Discussion

Books for Reference

Exercises for the Chapter

Chapter 4 Language in Business and Language in Politics

4.1.Language in Business

4.1.1.Language and business

4.1.2.English in business in a broader sense

4.1.3.English in business in a narrower sense

4.1.4.Culture and its implication in business

4.1.5.How to improve competence in business English?

……

Part three

Appendix 1 Introduction to the Course

Appendix 2 Syllabus for the Course

Appendix 3 The Constituent Structure of English Semology

Appendix 4 The Constituent Structure of English Grammar

Appendix 5 The Constituent Structure of English Phonology

Model Key to Exercises

General Bibliography

《展望（Prospect）全国高等院校英语专业系列精品教材：语言学导论（第2版）》采用功能派语言学的观点编写，与迄今为止国内已出版的各类语言学导论教材相比，具有如下鲜明特点：
一、本书着重从语言的社会功能出发，书中的第一部分在揭示了语言性质和功能之后，首先讨论语义学的基本内容，即人们是如何通过语言来交流信息，表达思想的；然后讨论词法学、词汇学及句法学，即如何用词汇和句子来表达不同的语义；最后讨论语音学和音位学，即如何利用言语的语音和音位系统来传递语义。
二、本书的第二部分揭示了语言与思维、现实，语言与文化、社会、个人的密切关系，意在引导学员宏观地认识语言，深入地理解语言学的理论价值和实用价值。
三、本书的最后几章探讨语言与商业、语言与政治的密切关系，并讨论语言学对外语“教”与“学”的启迪，重点介绍功派语言教学的一些观点。
四、本书力求深入浅出，在介绍相关理论的同时，使用大量生动典型的语言实例，以期达到学术性和实用性的完美结合。本书还为各章节配有复习题和笔头作业题，并列出所推荐的参考书目。