社会契约论·论人类不平等的起源

BOOK I1. Subject of the First Book2. The First Societies3. The Right of the Strongest4. Slavery5. That We Must Always Go back to a First Convention6. The Social Compact7. The Sovereign8. The Civil State9. Real Property

BOOK II1. That Sovereignty is Inalienable2. That Sovereignty is Indivisible3. Whether the General Will Is Fallible4. The Limits of the Sovereign Power5.The Right of Life and Death6. Law7. The Legislator8. The People9. The People (Continued)1o. The People (Continued)11. The Various Systems of Legislation12. The Division of the Laws

BOOK III1. Government in General2. The Constituent Principle in the Various Forms of Government3. The Division of Governments4. Democracy5. AristocracYr6. Monarchy7. Mixed Governments8. That All Forms of Government Do Not Suit All Countries9. The Marks of a Good Government10. The Abuse of Government and Its Tendency to Degenerate11. The Death of the Body Politic12, How the Sovereign Authority Maintains Itself13. The Same (Continued)14. The Same (Continued)15. Deputies or Representatives16. That the Institution of Government Is Not a Contract17. The Institution of Government18. How to Check the Usurpations of Government

BOOK IV1. That the General Will Is Indestructible2. Voting3. Elections4. The Roman Comitia5. The Tribunate6. The Dictatorship7. The Censorship,8. Civil Religion9. ConclusionA Discourse upon the Origin and the Foundation of the Inequality among MankindIntroductory NoteQUESTION Proposed by the Academy of DijonA Discourse upon the Origin and the Foundation of the InequalityPart IPart II

《社会契约论》又译《民约论》，作者在书中系统地阐述天赋人权观念，有力批驳了旧时代强者自有特权、奴役天生合理等论调，其主权在民的思想成为了法国大革命时期的一面旗帜，被写进《人权宣言》，深刻地影响了整个欧洲废除君主绝对权威的运动，是现代民主制度的基石。卢梭的这一精神和理想也体现在美国的《独立宣言》和宪法中。　　《论人类不平等的起源》可以说是卢梭政治学说的导言，他第一次提出私有制是人类不平等的起源这一鲜明的观点，为其后写作的《社会契约论》奠定了基础。