并行开发艺术

PREFACE

1WANTTOGOFASTER?RAISEYOURHANDSIFYOUWANTTOGOFASTER!

SomeQuestionsYouMayHave

FourStepsofaThreadingMethodology

BackgroundofParallelAlgorithms

Shared-MemoryProgrammingVersusDistributed-MemoryProgramming

ThisBook’sApproachtoConcurrentProgramming

2CONCURRENTORNOTCONCURRENT?

DesignModelsforConcurrentAlgorithms

What’sNotParallel

3PROVINGCORRECTNESSANDMEASURINGPERFORMANCE

VerificationofParallelAlgorithms

Example:TheCriticalSectionProblem

PerformanceMetrics(HowAmIDoing?)

ReviewoftheEvolutionforSupportingParallelisminHardware

4EIGHTSIMPLERULESFORDESIGNINGMULTITHREADEDAPPLICATIONS

Rule1:IdentifyTrulyIndependentComputations

Rule2:ImplementConcurrencyattheHighestLevelPossible

Rule3:PlanEarlyforScalabilitytoTakeAdvantageofIncreasingNumbersofCores

Rule4:MakeUseofThread-SafeLibrariesWhereverPossible

Rule5:UsetheRightThreadingModel

Rule6:NeverAssumeaParticularOrderofExecution

Rule7:UseThread-LocalStorageWheneverPossibleorAssociateLockstoSpecificData

Rule8:DaretoChangetheAlgorithmforaBetterChanceofConcurrency

Summary

5THREADINGLIBRARIES

ImplicitThreading

ExplicitThreading

WhatElseIsOutThere?

Domain-SpecificLibraries

6PARALLELSUMANDPREFIXSCAN

ParallelSum

PrefixScan

Selection

AFinalThought

7MAPREDUCE

MapAsaConcurrentOperation

ReduceAsaConcurrentOperation

ApplyingMapReduce

MapReduceAsGenericConcurrency

8SORTING

Bubblesort

Odd-EvenTranspositionSort

Shellsort

Quicksort

RadixSort

9SEARCHING

UnsortedSequence

BinarySearch

10GRAPHALGORITHMS

Depth-FirstSearch

All-PairsShortestPath

MinimumSpanningTree

11THREADINGTOOLS

Debuggers

PerformanceTools

AnythingElseOutThere?

GoForthandConquer

GLOSSARY

PHOTOCREDITS

INDEX

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