语用身份构建中责任情态的人际意义研究

前言 ·················································································································i

第一章 绪论 ····························································································· 1

第二章 语言学中的情态研究 ···························································· 5

2.1 情态的定义 ······················································································ 5

2.2 情态的分类 ······················································································ 7

2.3 情态的人际意义研究与研究现状 ··············································· 10

2.4 本章小结 ························································································ 16

第三章 责任型情态及意义 ······························································ 18

3.1 责任型情态的界定与类别 ··························································· 18

3.1.1 道义情态与认知情态的区别················································· 19

3.1.2 现代英语中的责任型情态 ····················································· 20

3.1.3 现代汉语中的责任型情态 ····················································· 24

3.2 责任型情态的人际意义 ······························································· 25

3.2.1 高量值责任情态的人际意义研究 ······································· 25

3.2.2 低量值责任情态的人际意义研究 ······································· 29

3.3 责任情态的心理空间阐释 ··························································· 33

3.3.1 显性责任情态心理空间认知观 ············································ 34

3.3.2 隐性责任情态心理空间认知观 ············································ 37

3.4 评价理论视角下的情态责任研究 ··············································· 40

3.4.1 新闻中的语法隐喻策略与情态责任 ·································· 41

3.4.2 评估理论框架下的新闻英语情态责任 ····························· 43

3.5 本章小结 ························································································ 47

第四章 《心术》中的责任情态意义 ·············································· 49

4.1 《心术》中责任情态词分布研究 ················································· 50

4.1.1 应该 ··················································································· 50

4.1.2 该 ······················································································· 53

4.1.3 必须 ··················································································· 54

4.1.4 得 ······················································································· 56

4.1.5 需要 ··················································································· 63

4.1.6 要 ······················································································· 65

4.1.7 最好 ··················································································· 71

4.1.8别 ······················································································· 73

4.1.9 何必 ··················································································· 79

4.2 《心术》中责任情态词的语用特征 ············································ 80

4.2.1 归属于指令类或承诺类言外行为 ································· 80

4.2.2 遵循合作原则及其子准则·············································· 83

4.2.3 依照人际交往的礼貌原则·············································· 85

4.2.4 关注言语行为的语境恰当性·········································· 89

4.3 《心术》中责任情态心理空间阐释 ············································ 91

4.4 中国医务人员话语责任情态使用研究 ······································ 95

4.4.1 多义情态词偏重认知意义的使用 ································· 96

4.4.2 慎用高量值情态词 ·························································· 97

4.4.3 重客观要求轻主观态度·················································· 98

4.5 本章小结 ························································································ 98

第五章 《豪斯医生》中的责任情态意义·································· 100

5.1 《豪斯医生》中的责任情态词的分布研究 ······························ 101

5.1.1 can···················································································· 101

5.1.2 could ················································································ 111

5.1.3 should ·············································································· 116

5.1.4 must ················································································· 122

5.1.5 need ················································································· 124

5.1.6 have to ············································································· 130

5.1.7 责任型情态形容词 necessary ········································ 135

5.1.8 责任型情态实意动词 require ······································· 136

5.2 《豪斯医生》中的责任情态词的语用特征 ······························ 137

5.2.1 归属于阐述、指令、承诺或表达类言外行为 ·········· 138

5.2.2 遵循合作原则与礼貌原则············································ 140

5.2.3 关注言语行为的语境恰当性········································ 142

5.3 《豪斯医生》中的责任情态心理空间阐释 ······························ 143

5.4 美国医务人员的责任情态使用研究 ········································ 148

5.4.1 多义情态词偏重认知意义的使用 ······························· 149

5.4.2 高量值情态词比率较大················································ 149

5.4.3 突出强调客观性责任人际意义 ··································· 150

5.4.4 情态量值随主语变化而改变········································ 150

5.5 本章小结 ······················································································ 151

第六章 中美医务人员责任情态使用的比较研究·················· 152

6.1 中美医务人员责任情态使用差异比较 ···································· 152

6.1.1 中美医务人员责任情态使用的相同点研究··············· 153

6.1.2 中美医务人员责任情态使用不同点研究··················· 158

6.2 中美医务人员责任情态使用差异探源 ··································· 159

6.2.1 中美语言思维模式的差异············································ 159

6.2.2 中美文化宏观特征的区别············································ 161

6.2.3 中美医疗价值观的不同················································ 162

6.3 中国医生语用身份的建构 ························································· 164

6.3.1 医生语用身份构建的动机············································ 165

6.3.2 医生语用身份构建的策略············································ 167

6.4 本章小结······················································································· 169

第七章 余论························································································· 171

参考文献 ·································································································· 177

附：语料来源························································································· 185

第一部分 《心术》中的责任情态的对话······································· 185

第二部分 《豪斯医生》中的责任情态的对话······························· 188

本书以《心术》与《豪斯医生》的电视剧集为语料来源，通过对不同情境下的医务人员之间以及医患之间的言语交际进行分析，了解言语交际中医务人员角色的形成以及医患之间的关系，探讨特定职业身份在职场语境中通过责任情态所表现出的对未来行为做出的承诺或承担的义务以及对行为责任所承担的程度，探究情态系统人际意义在不同语用身份条件下的建构条件、体现方式以及主体性因素。