英语写作教学的原则与策略

序

Preface

ListofFiguresandTables

PartOneTowardsaBetterUnderstandingofWriting

Chapter1WhatIsWriting?

1.1Introduction

1.2Definitionsofwriting

1.3Writingversuscomposition

1.4Writingversusspeech

1.4.1Linguisticdifferences

1.4.2Psychologicaldifferences

1.4.3Cognitivedifferences

1.5Towardsaworkingdefinitionofwriting

1.5.1Writingisanart

1.5.2Writingisanactiveprocess

1.5.3Writingisacreativeprocess

1.5.4Writingisarecursiveprocess

1.5.5Writingisaprocessofcommunication

1.5.6Writinginvolvesaconventionalgraphicsystem

1.5.7Writingiscontext-basedandusuallyreader-oriented

1.5.8Writinginvolvesgrammar

1.5.9Writinginvolvesrhetoric

1.6Writingintheeyesofprofessionals

1.6.1Writingislargelyamatterofhowwethinkandfeel

1.6.2Writingasanartcanbeacquiredonlybypractice

1.6.3Writingisaformofmagic

1.6.4Writingrequiresvocabulary，empathy，andstyle

1.6.5Goodwritingcomesfrommuchreading

1.6.6Writingisagameofwords.

1.6.7Writingdemandscorrectness，clarity，andsincerity

1.7Summary

QuestionsforReview

Chapter2CanWritingBeTaught?

2.1Introduction

2.2Notionssurroundingtheteachingofwriting

2.3Teacherbeliefsaboutwriting.

2.3.1Studentslearntowriteonlybywriting.

2.3.2Writingisaprocess

2.3.3Writingisatoolforthinking

2.3.4Writinghasapurpose

2.3.5Conventionsoffinishedtextscount

2.3.6Writingandreadingareinterrelated

2.3.7Writingiscloselyrelatedwithspeech

2.3.8Writinginvolvescomplicatedsocialrelationships

2.3.9Writingassessmentinvolvescomplexjudgments

2.4Requisiteknowledgeofthewritingteacher

2.4.1Secondlanguageacquisition

2.4.2Linguistics

2.4.3Rhetoric

2.5Requisiteskillsforthewritingteacher.

2.5.1He1istenstohisstudents

2.5.2Hecoacheshisstudents

2.5.3Helearnstobeadiagnostician

2.5.4Hewriteswithhisstudents

2.5.5Heallotsappropriatewritingassignments

2.5.6Heprovidesimmediatefeedback

2.5.7Heencouragesstudentstothinkclearlyandexpressprecisely

2.5.8Hekeepsthewritingobjectivesinmind

2.5.9Hefostersapositiveattitudeinstudents

2.5.10Heconductswritingconferences

2.5.11Hehelpsstudentsdevelopthewriterstwenty-onesenses

2.5.12Hehelpsstudentsunderstandthedevelopmentalstagesofwriting

2.6Summary

QuestionsforReview

Chapter3ESLWritingandESLWriters

3.1Introduction

3.2TheoriginsofESLwriting

3.3TheemergenceofESLwritingasasubdiscipline

3.4ThedifferencesbetweenL1andL2writers

3.4.1Differencesinschemata

3.4.2Differencesinrhetoricalpatterns

3.5Summary

QuestionsforReview

PartTwoThePrinciplesofWriting

PartThreeStrategiesRelatedtotheWritingProcess

PartFourPedagogicalStrategies

References

Appendix1SomeAptQuotationsaboutWriting

Appendix2SampleStudentWritingforCritiquing

Appendix3SomeWordsofWisdom