化学传感器 : 仿真与建模. 第5卷, 电化学传感器

PREFACE

ABOUT THE EDITOR

CONTRIBUTORS

PART 1: SOLID-STATE ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS

1 SURFACE AND INTERFACE DEFECTS IN IONIC CRYSTALS

1 Introduction

1.1 Solid Electrolytes and Electrodes for Electrochemical Sensors: A Brief Overview

1.2 Surface and Interface Properties of Ionic Solids

2 Calculation of the Surface Potential and Surface Defects Using the Stern Model

2.1 Description of the Model

2.2 Pure Crystals of the NaCl Type

2.3 Surface Potential in NaCl Crystals Containing Divalent Cations

2.4 Comparison with Experimental Data

2.5 Surface Potential and Concentration of Point Defects on Grain Boundaries of Superionic Oxide Ceramics

2.6 Surface Disorder in Terms of Energy Diagrams

2.7 Defects on Interfaces

3 Size Effects in Nanocomposite Solid Electrolytes

4 Applications in Sensors

5 Conclusions

References

2 SOLID-STATE ELECTROCHEMICAL GAS SENSORS

1 Introduction

2 Electrode Potentials

3 Types of Electrochemical Sensors

3.1 Equilibrium Potentiometric Sensors

3.2 Mixed Potentiometric Sensors

3.3 Amperometric Sensors

4 Applications

4.1 0xygen Sensors

4.2 Carbon Dioxide Sensors

4.3 NOx Sensors

4.4 SOx Sensors

4.5 Hydrogen Sensors

Acknowledgments

References

PART 2: ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS FOR LIQUID ENVIRONMENTS

3 MODELING AND SIMULATION OF IONIC TRANSPORT PROCESSES THROUGH IDEAL ION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE SYSTEMS

1 Introduction

2 Theoretical Description

2.1 Ionic Transport in Ideal Ion-Exchange Membrane Systems

2.2 Electric Current Perturbations

2.3 Analytical Solutions

3 The Network Model

4 Network Simulation

4.1 Transient Response

4.2 Electrochemical Impedance

5 Conclusion

Nomenclature

4 MECHANISM OF POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT FOR POTENTIOMETRIC SENSORS BASED ON MODELING OF INTERACTION BETWEEN ELECTROCHEMICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM THE MEMBRANE AND ANALYTE

5 COMPUTER MODELING OF THE POTENTIOMETRIC RESPONSE OF ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODES WITH IONOPHORE-BASED MEMBRANES

6 MODELS OF RESPONSE IN MIXED-ION SOLUTIONS FOR ION-SENSITIVE FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS

INDEX

This series, Chemical Sensors: Simulation and Modeling, is the perfect complement to Momentum Press's six-volume reference series, Chemical Sensors: Fundamentals of Sensing Materials and Chemical Sensors: Comprehensive Sensor Technologies, which present detailed information about materials, technologies, fabrication, and applications of various devices for chemical sensing. Chenucal.sensors are integral to the automation of myriad industrial processes and every-day monitoring of such activities as public safety, engine performance, medical therapeutics, and many more.
　　Despite the large number of chemical sensors already on the market, selection and design of a suitable sensor for a new application is a difficult task for the design engineer. Careful selection of the sensing material, sensor platform, technology of synthesis or deposition of sensitive materials, appropriate coatings and membranes, and the sampling system is very important, because those decisions can determine the specificity, sensitivity, response time, and stability of the final device. Selective functionalization of the sensor is also critical to achieving the required operating parameters. Therefore, in designing a chemical sensor, developers have to answer the enormous questions related to properties of sensing materials and their functioning in various environments. This four-volume com-prehensive reference work analyzes approaches used for computer simulation and modeling in various fields of chemical sensing and discusses various phenomena important for chemical. sensing, such as surface diffusion, adsorption, surface reactions, sintering, conductivity, mass transport, inter phase interactions, etc. In these volumes it is shown that theoretical modeling and simulation of the processes, being a basic for chemical sensor operation, can provide considerableassistance in choosing both optimal materials and optimal configurations of sensing elements for use in chemical sensors. The theoretical simulation and modeling of sensing material behavior during interactions with gases and liquid surroundings can promote understanding of the nature of effects responsible for high effectiveness of chemical sensors operation as well. Nevertheless, we have tounder stand that only very a few aspects of chemistry can be computed exactly.