心血管系统

1 A DESIGN SPECIFICATION FOR THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Oxygen consumption

Carriage of oxygen in blood

Cyanosis

The battle against the hydrogen ion: acid-base

balance

Cell injury and cell death

Overall functional structure of the cardiovascular

system

Circulation time

Structure and function of blood vessels

Angiogenesis

From cradle to grave--the presentation of heart

disease.

2 CARDIAC MUSCLE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Cardiac muscle

Structure of cardiac muscle

Contractile mechanism in cardiac muscle

Cardiac electrical activity

Drugs which act on the heart

3 THE HEART AS A PUMP: VALVE FUNCTION AND VALVE DISEASE

Functional anatomy of the heart

The cardiac cycle

Valve pathology

History taking for cardiac disease

Clinical examination of the cardiovascular system

Investigations of heart disease: imaging the heart

Sudden cardiac death

4 REGULATION OF CARDIAC FUNCTION

Introduction

Venous return

Control of cardiac output

Regulation of heart rate

Regulation of stroke volume

Preload effects on the heart

Contractility effects on the heart

Afterload effects on the heart

Summary

5 BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE HEART

Anatomy of the arterial supply and venous drainage

of the heart

Regulation of coronary blood flow

Ischaemic heart disease

Thrombosis

Angina

Myocardial infarction

Coronary angioplasty and stenting

Coronary artery bypass grafting

6 HEART FAILURE

Systolic vs diastolic failure

Haemodynamic events

Metabolic events in heart failure

Neurohormonal aspects of heart failure

Drug therapy for heart failure

7 THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (ECG)

Introduction

Producing a -lead ECG

The components of the ECG trace

Practical use of the ECG

The ECG and rhythm disturbances

Cardiac structure and the ECG

Ischaemia and the ECG

Potassium and the ECG

Drugs and the ECG

8 LARGE BLOOD VESSELS

Introduction

Haemorheology: the physical characteristics

of blood flow

Pathology of arteries and veins

Atherosclerosis

Vasculitis

Varicose veins

Vascular pathology of diabetes mellitus

Aneurysms

Non-invasive techniques for the assessment of

arteries and veins

9 RESISTANCE BLOOD VESSELS

Introduction

Resistance to blood flow

Vascular smooth muscle

Local control of vascular smooth muscle

Hormonal control of blood vessel diameter

Autonomic nervous system and peripheral circulation

control

Special circulations

10 ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE

Introduction

Arterial baroreceptors

Cardiopulmonary reflexes

Chemoreceptor reflexes

Measurement of arterial blood pressure

Pathological consequences of.raised arterial

pressure

Treatment of hypertension

Hydrostatic pressure in the circulation

11 CAPILLARY FUNCTION AND THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

Structure of capillaries

Movement of substances across capillary walls

Water movement across capillary walls

The lymphatic system

Oedema

12 FETAL CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM AND CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

Intoduction

How does the transition from fetal to adult circulation

occur?

The normal ECG in childhood

Congenital heart disease

Early and late management of congenital heart

disease

13 EXERCISE AND THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Physiological responses to exercise

Dynamic (isotonic) exercise

Oxygen debt and the recovery from exercise

Cardiovascular responses to static exercise

Training effects of exercise

Cardiovascular health benefits of exercise

Clinical uses of exercise testing

14 HAEMORRHAGE AND CIRCULATORY SHOCK

Introduction

Arterial blood pressure changes in response to

haemorrhage

Short-term responses which help to restore lost blood

volume

Longer term responses which help to restore lost

blood volume and electrolytes

Decompensated or irreversible shock following

haemorrhage

Causes of shock

Fluid replacement therapy

Glossary

Index

“以器官系统为中心”的医学教学模式是国际医学教育的趋势。本系列书是世界著名医药卫生出版集团爱思唯尔公司出版的一套“以器官系统为中心”的医学基础课程教材。该套教材第1版出版后受到世界各地许多医学院校的欢迎，并被多家进行“以器官系统为中心”教学的医学院校选定为教材。第2版根据第1版出版后教师和学生的反馈意见，结合医学知识的更新进行了全新修订。在编写内容上，该系列教材强调基础与临床的整合。每一章节都是围绕着一个临床病例展开，通过对病人问题的呈现以及解决过程引出对相关知识的探究，从而使与器官系统结构、功能以及疾病相关的重要的基础医学知识得到了完善的整合。在版式安排上，图框中的病例资料与正文中的医学知识完美匹配，一步一步地激起读者的求知欲望。本册为《心血管系统》。