新HSK汉语学习与考试教程

目?录

第一单元?居家生活????????????????????????????1

第一部分? 词语与句子 ?????????????????????????1

（Words?and?Sentences）

第二部分? 表达与交际 ?????????????????????????6

? （Verbal?and?Written?Communication）

第三部分? 结构与形式 ?????????????????????????9

? （Structure?and?Forms）

第四部分?考一考 ???????????????????????????15

参考答案 ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? 18

第二单元?旅游、交通??????????????????????23

第一部分? 词语与句子 ???????????????????????23

（Words?and?Sentences）

第二部分? 表达与交际 ???????????????????????27

? （Verbal?and?Written?Communication）

第三部分? 结构与形式 ???????????????????????30

? （Structure?and?Forms）

第四部分?考一考 ????????????????????????????37

参考答案 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????39

第三单元?业余生活??????????????????????????43

第一部分? 词语与句子 ???????????????????????43

（Words?and?Sentences）

第二部分? 表达与交际 ???????????????????????47

? （Verbal?and?Written?Communication）

第三部分? 结构与形式 ???????????????????????50

? （Structure?and?Forms）

第四部分?考一考 ?????????????????????????55

参考答案 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????59

第四单元?身体与健康??????????????????????63

第一部分? 词语与句子 ???????????????????????63

（Words?and?Sentences）

第二部分? 表达与交际 ???????????????????????66

? （Verbal?and?Written?Communication）

第三部分? 结构与形式 ???????????????????????70

? （Structure?and?Forms）

第四部分?考一考 ?????????????????????????76

参考答案 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????79

第五单元?饮食??????????????????????????????????83

第一部分? 词语与句子 ???????????????????????83

（Words?and?Sentences）

第二部分? 表达与交际 ???????????????????????87

? （Verbal?and?Written?Communication）

第三部分? 结构与形式 ???????????????????????90

? （Structure?and?Forms）

第四部分?考一考 ??????????????????????????97

参考答案 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? 100

第六单元?购物????????????????????????????????105

第一部分? 词语与句子 ?????????????????????105

（Words?and?Sentences）

第二部分? 表达与交际 ?????????????????????109

? （Verbal?and?Written?Communication）

第三部分? 结构与形式 ?????????????????????113

? （Structure?and?Forms）

第四部分?考一考 ??????????????????????????117

参考答案 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? 120

第七单元?学习与工作????????????????????125

第一部分? 词语与句子 ?????????????????????125

（Words?and?Sentences）

第二部分? 表达与交际 ?????????????????????129

? （Verbal?and?Written?Communication）

第三部分? 结构与形式 ?????????????????????132

? （Structure?and?Forms）

第四部分?考一考 ???????????????????????137

参考答案 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????140

第八单元?大自然????????????????????????????145

第一部分? 词语与句子 ?????????????????????145

（Words?and?Sentences）

第二部分? 表达与交际 ?????????????????????149

? （Verbal?and?Written?Communication）

第三部分? 结构与形式 ?????????????????????153

? （Structure?and?Forms）

第四部分?考一考 ????????????????????????160

参考答案 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????163

第九单元?友谊与爱情????????????????????167

第一部分? 词语与句子 ?????????????????????167

（Words?and?Sentences）

第二部分? 表达与交际 ?????????????????????171

? （Verbal?and?Written?Communication）

第三部分? 结构与形式 ?????????????????????175

? （Structure?and?Forms）

第四部分?考一考 ????????????????????????181

参考答案 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????184

第十单元?生活与环境????????????????????189

第一部分? 词语与句子 ?????????????????????189

（Words?and?Sentences）

第二部分? 表达与交际 ?????????????????????193

? （Verbal?and?Written?Communication）

第三部分? 结构与形式 ?????????????????????196

? （Structure?and?Forms）

第四部分?考一考 ????????????????????????204

参考答案 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????207

新HSK汉语学习与考试教程（4级）是针对准备通过新HSK4级的考生而编写的系列汉语学习教材，其中《新HSK汉语学习与考试教程 书写与口语（四级）》是专为准备新HSK（4级）的中级书写、口语考试编写。本册的编写一改以往HSK考试模拟题的方式，而是切合新HSK中级书写、口语考试的测试要求和目标，将考试内容和汉语通用的语言知识要点融合在一起。因此本册教材不仅可以作为考生准备新HSK4级考试的自学材料，也可以作为普通的汉语教材供教师和学习者使用。《新HSK学习教程》（书写、口语 4级）在编写上还具有以下特点：
New HSK Learning Course (Level IV) refers to a series of Chinese-learning textbooks which are especially compiled and designed for the candidates preparing to pass the new HSK (Level IV) test and among which the New HSK Learning Course (Writing and Speaking Level IV) is compiled for the specific purpose of preparing the Writing and Speaking Test (Intermediate Level) of the new HSK (Level IV) test. As for the compilation of this book， the traditional practice-test model is abandoned while the contents of the test and the universally-used key language points of Chinese are merged together in correspondence with the requirements and objectives of the Writing and Speaking Test (Intermediate Level) of the new HSK test. Therefore， this book serves not only as the self-study materials for the candidates preparing for the new HSK Level IV， but also as the ordinary Chinese-learning textbooks for the use of the teachers and learners. New HSK Learning Course (Writing and Speaking Level IV) has the following features in aspect of compilation：
一、本教程首次将“书写表达”和“口语表达”融合为一，结构编排以“词—语—句—篇章与对话—结构—模拟训练”为顺序。《新HSK汉语学习与考试教程 书写与口语（四级）》共分10课，每课以话题为中心，由词语银行、词语训练、语句训练、表达与交际、结构与形式、动手写和开口说等七个板块组成。其中“词语银行”相当于以往教材的生词表；“表达与交际”是该课的主课文（短文形式）和作为补充材料的小对话，以及语段表达知识，语段表达知识兼顾话题功能和篇章结构；“结构与形式”相当于以往教材的语言点，侧重语法知识。“动手写”和“开口说”是针对新HSK4级的书写和口语考试的模拟题。
I. This textbook is the first book of this kind to integrate “written expression” with “oral expression”， and its structure is arranged in order of “word—language—sentence—chapter and dialogue—structure—simulation training”. New HSK Learning Course (Writing and Speaking Level IV) is divided into 10 lessons with each lesson is topic-focused and composed of 7 panels， that is the word bank， word drilling， statement drilling， expression and communication， structure and form， using your hands to write as well as opening your mouth to speak， etc. And among them， “word bank” is the equivalent of the word list in the past textbooks; “expression and communication” contains the main text of the lesson (in the form of short passage)， the mini-dialogues used as the supplementary materials and the discourse expression knowledge which takes account of both topic function and chapter structure; “structure and form” equals the language points in the traditional textbooks with its focus on grammar knowledge. Using your hands to write as well as opening your mouth to speak are the practice-test exercises targeted at the writing and speaking test of the new HSK Level IV.
二、由于本教程是专门针对准备新HSK考试的学习者，因此编写注意寓教于练，注重训练的层次性、多样性和针对性。例如，“词语银行”在本教程中是根据词语的含义、性质或围绕的主题，分类排列，以图培养学生的词语联想能力。紧跟其后的“词语训练”是以看图联想词语的形式出现，目的是让学习者对词语银行中的生词进行第一次复习。再后的“语句训练”是重点生词的词语搭配或常见语块，以及该课重要句子的提示，同时再配合“词语训练”中出现的图片，进行看图联系句子的训练，目的之一是使学习者进一步加深对该课重点生词的含义和用法的记忆，之二是起到一种预习作用，学习者进行完“语句训练”的内容，能更容易地学习该课的主课文和小对话。“结构与形式”在每一个讲解的结构形式后都针对性地设计了练习，练习以新HSK（4级）的书写部分题型为主，辅以其他类型的练习，不仅起到了操练语言形式和复习生词的作用，也使学习者更快更多地熟悉新HSK（4级）书写部分的考试。另外，“表达与交际”中也出现了一些口语或书面语表达方面的训练，如根据短文回答问题、根据提示词语复述课文和模仿交流等，目的为新HSK（4级）口语部分考试打基础。
II. Because this textbook is specifically for the learners in preparation of the new HSK test， its compilation pays attention to the combination of teaching in drilling and puts emphasis on the hierarchy， variety and pertinence of the drilling. For example， in the “word bank” part， the words are categorized and arranged according to their meanings， properties or subjects they center on to foster the word association ability of the students. The “word drilling“following closely is presented in the form of word to picture association aiming to enable the learners to conduct first-time revision of the new words in the “word bank”. The “statement drilling” coming next mainly contains the lexical allocation of the crucial new words or the hints about the commonly-seen language chunks or the important sentences appearing in this lesson and the training of associating the sentences to the pictures in sight in combination with the pictures presented in the“ word drilling”， which on one hand， aim to deepen the learners’ memory of the meanings and usages of the crucial new words in this lesson and on the other hand， aim to play a role of pre-reading in that it will be easier for the learners to study the main text and mini-dialogues in this lesson after they finish the contents in the “statement drilling”. In the “structure and form” part， targeted exercises are designed after every explained structural form and the exercises mainly consist of types of questions of the writing part of the new HSK (Level IV) test with supplement of the other types of exercises which not only play the role of drilling language patterns and going over the new words， but also make the learners familiar with the writing part of the new HSK (Level IV) test. In addition， there are written and oral expression training in the “expression and communication”， such as answering questions according to the passages， retelling the text according to the clue words and imitation exchanges， etc.， which aim to lay a basis for the speaking part of the new HSK (Level IV) test.
三、教程的编排也考虑到教学的可操作性。每个板块形成了环环相扣的有序的教学步骤，便于教师教学操作。而且，每个板块也设计了作用不一的教学任务，同时还兼有师生、生生间的互动活动，方便教师组织课堂教学。
III. As for the compilation of this textbook， the teaching operability is also taken into consideration. Interlocking and orderly teaching procedures are formed in every panel to facilitate the teaching operation of the teachers. Besides， teaching tasks with different functions as well as the student-student and student-teacher interactive activities are also designed in every panel to make it convenient for the teachers to organize teaching in class.
四、本教程语言以新HSK3级、4级词为基础，生词以4级词为主，外加极少的5级词和超纲词。主课文的体裁为记叙文和说明文，个别课文也有议论文的特点，整体语体风格是偏口语化的书面语体或较正式的口语语体。
IV. The language of this textbook is based on the words of the new HSK Level III and Level IV while its new words mainly consist of and almost cover all the Level- IV words in addition to a few words of Level V and a few words beyond the syllabus. Most of the main texts are in narrative and expository genres with a few of them characterized by argumentative writing. The overall language style is partially colloquial-oriented written language and partially rather formal colloquialism.
本教程若用于教学，建议一课的教学时间为4课时左右。建议用于短期HSK强化教学，教学时长为10周左右。
Supposing this textbook is used in teaching， it is recommended that a lesson should be completed within about 4 periods. It is suggested that this book be used for the short-term HSK enhancement teaching lasting for more or less 10 weeks.