乔姆斯基：思想与理想

Preface to the second editionAcknowledgments for the first editionIntroductionChomsky's achievementOn heroes and influences1 The mirror Of the mind　Linguistics as a science　　The nature of idealization　　Common sense　Modularity　　Double dissociation　　Modules and quasi-modules　　Intelligence and "learning"　Competence and performance　　Competence and grammar

Preface to the second editionAcknowledgments for the first editionIntroductionChomsky's achievementOn heroes and influences1 The mirror Of the mind　Linguistics as a science　　The nature of idealization　　Common sense　Modularity　　Double dissociation　　Modules and quasi-modules　　Intelligence and "learning"　Competence and performance　　Competence and grammar　　Rules　　I-language and E-language　Performance, parsing, and pragmatics　　Parsing considerations　　Pragmatic considerations　　Competence and performance versus I-language and E-language　Evolution and innateness　　Language acquisition　　Poverty of the stimulus　　Word meaning　　Universals　Natural language and the language of thought　Summary2 The linguistic foundation　Introduction　Knowledge of language　　The lexicon　　Knowledge of structure　　Knowledge of structural relations　Levels of representation　　Constituents and rules　　Deep structure　Description versus explanation　　From rules of principles　　The elimination of PS rules　　X-bar theory　Government and Binding theory　　Binding theory　　Locality　　Theta theory　Case theory and government　Empty categories　The status of transformations　Principles and parameters　　Lexical and functional categories　Minimalism　　Economy　　The elements of Minimalism　　Perfect syntax　A historical progression　Evolution3　Psychological reality　Causality and observability　　Psychological reality and the nature of evidence　　Intuitions　Language processing　　The derivational theory of complexity　　Grammars and parsers　　Parsing problems　　Economy　Language acquisition (Plato's problem)　　Teaching versus learning　　Learning versus growing　　Parameter setting　　The critical period hypothesis　　Maturation　Language pathology　　Agenesis of the corpus callosum　　The polyglot savant　　Specific language impairment (SLI)　Connectionism: the behaviorists strike back4　Philosophical realism: commitments and controversies　Commitments　　Realism　　I-language revisited　　Representation and computation　　Naturalism　　Mentalism　　Tacit knowledge　　The mind-body problem　Controversies　　Language and the world　　Language and the community　　Language and the individual　　Problems of semantics　　Innateness　　Unification and reduction　Conclusions5　Language and freedom　Explanation and dissent: the common threads　　Relentless dissent　　Common sense and theory　Rationality, modularity, and creativity　　Rationality　　Modularity　　Malleability and plasticity　　Creativity　The anarchist background　　The Encyclopefistes　The critique of (American) foreign policy　　Vietnam　　East Timor　9-11: terrorism and the "war on terror"　The critique of domestic policy　　Pig farming in Haiti　　Drug trafficking　The critique of media control　　Murder　　Third world elections　　The treason of the intellectuals　The technique of dissection　　The exposure of warped perspective　　The exposure of suppressed precursor events　　The exposure of debased language　Moral absolutes and options for the future　　The Faudsson affair　　Islamic fundamentalism　　Authority　The positive programConclusionEnvoiNotesBibliographyIndex

In this rigorous yet accessible account of Chomsky ' s work and influence, Nell Smith analyses Chomsky' s key contributions to the study of language and the study of mind He gives a ~led" and partly historical exposition of Chomsky ' s linguistic theorizing, and examines the ideas （such as deep and surface structure） for which he is best known. Smith discusses the psychological and philosophical implications of Chomsky s work, and gues that he has fundamentally changed the way we think of ourselves, gaining a position in the history of ideas on a par with that of Darwin or Descartes. Finally, he examines Chomsky' s political ideas and how these fit intellectually with his scholarly work. Smith argues that, despite Chomsky ' s own disavowal of any very close connection, there are fundamental ideas of rationality, creativity and modularity that draw together the disparate strands of his vast output. Throughout, Smith explores the controversy surrounding Chomsky's work, and explains why he has been both adulated and vilified.　　This second edition has been thoroughly updated and revised to account for Chomsky's most recent work, including his continued contributions to linguistics （in particular new developments in the Minimalist Program）, his further discussion on evolution, and his extensive work on the events of September 11,2001 and their aftermath. The bibliography and notes have been expanded to account for the rapidly growing secondary literature on Chomsky's work, as well as the many new works by Chomsky himself. It will be welcomed by students and researchers across the disciplines of linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science and politics, and anyone with an interest in the impact of Chomsky's work.