西尔斯当代大学物理

Preface

1 PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND VECTORS

1.1 The Nature of Physics

1.2 Idealized Models

1.3 Standards and Units

1.4 Uncertainty and Significant Figures

1.5 Vectors and Scalars

1.6 Vector Algebra

1.7 Unit Vectors and Component

Expression

Answer to Chapter Opening Question

Exercises

2 KINEMATICS

2.1 Particle Kinematics

2.2 Position Vector and Displacement

2.3 Velocity and Acceleration

2.4 Rectilinear Motion

2.5 Two Fundamental Problems in Kinematics

2.6 Relative Motion

Answer to Chapter Opening Question

Exercises

3 DYNAMICS

3.1 Particle Dynamics

3.2 Newton s Laws

3.3 Understanding Forces

3.4 Dynamics of Circular Motion

3.5 Non-inertial Frame and Inertial Forces

Answer to Chapter Opening Question

Exercises

4 WORK AND ENERGY

4.1 Kinetic Energy and Work

4.2 Calculating the Work

4.3 Path Independence of Conservative Forces

4.4 Potential Energy

4.5 Conservation of Mechanical Energy

4.6 Find the Conservative Force from Potential Energy

Answer to Chapter Opening Question

Exercises

5 MOMENTUM AND IMPULSE

5.1 Definition of Momentum

5.2 Conservation of Momentum

5.3 Impulse

5.4 Collisions

5.5 Center of Mass

5.6 Rocket Propulsion

5.7 Problem-Solving Strategy ISEE

Answer to Chapter Opening Question

Exercises

6 ROTATION OF RIGID BODIES

6.1 Angular Velocity and Acceleration

6.2 Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration

6.3 Relating Linear and Angular Kinematics

6.4 Energy in Rotational Motion

6.5 Parallel-Axis Theorem

6.6 Moment of Inertia Calculations

Answer to Chapter Opening Question

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Questions

Exercises

7 DYNAMICS OF ROTATIONAL MOTION

7.1 Torque

7.2 Torque and Angular Acceleration fora Rigid Body

7.3 Rigid-Body Rotation About a MovingAxis

7.4 Work and Power in RotationalMotion

7.5 Angular Momentum

7.6 Conservation of Angular Momentum

7.7 Gyroscopes and Precession

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Questions

Exercises

8 PERIODIC MOTION

8.1 Describing Oscillation

8.2 Simple Harmonic Motion

8.3 Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion

8.4 Applications of Simple Harmonic Motion

8.5 The Simple Pendulum

8.6 The Physical Pendulum

8.7 Damped Oscillations

8.8 Forced Oscillations and Resonance

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Questions

Exercises

9 MECHANICAL WAVES

9.1 Types of Mechanical Waves

9.2 Periodic Waves

9.3 Mathematical Description of a Wave

9.4 Energy in Wave Motion

9.5 Wave Interference，Boundary Conditions and Superposition

9.6 Standing Waves on a String

9.7 Normal Modes of a String

9.8 Beats

9.9 The Doppler Effect

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Questions

Exercises

10 TEMPERATURE AND HEAT

10.1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium

10.2 Thermometers and Temperature Scales

10.3 Gas Thermometers and the Kelvin Scale

10.4 Quantity of Heat

10.5 Calorimetry and Phase Changes

10.6 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

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Exercises

11 THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER

11.1 Equations of State

11.2 Molecular Properties of Matter

11.3 Kinetic-Molecular Model of an Ideal Gas

11.4 Heat Capacities

11.5 Molecular Speeds

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Oestions

Exercises

12 THE FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

12.1 Thermodynamic Systems

12.2 Work Done During Volume Changes

12.3 Paths Between Thermodynamic States

12.4 Internal Enerzv and the First Law of Thermodynamics

12.5 Kinds of Thermodynamic Processes

12.6 Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas

12.7 Heat Capacities of an Ideal Gas

12.8 Adiabatic Processes for an Ideal Gas

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Exercises

13 THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

13.1 Directions of Thermodynamic Processes

13.2 Heat Engines

13.3 Refrigerators

13.4 The Second Law of Thermodynamics

13.5 The Carnot Cycle

13.6 Entropy

13.7 Microscopic Interpretation of Entropy

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Exercises

14 ELECTRIC CHARGE AND ELECTRIC FIELD

14.1 Electric Charge

14.2 Conductors，Insulators and Induced Charges

14.3 Coulomb s Law

14.4 Electric Field and Electric Forces

14.5 Electric Field Calculations

14.6 Electric Field Lines

14.7 Electric Dipoles

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Exercises

15 GAUSS S LAW

15.1 Charge and Electric Flux

15.2 Calculating Electric Flux

15.3 Gauss s Law

15.4 Applications of Gauss s Law

15.5 Charges on Conductors

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Exercises

16 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL

16.1 Electric Potential Energy

16.2 Electric Potential

16.3 Calculating Electric Potential

16.4 Equipotential Surfaces

16.5 Potential Gradient

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17 CAPACITANCE AND DIELECTRICS

17. 1 Capacitors and Capacitance

17.2 Energy Storage in Capacitors and Electric-Field Energy

17.3 Dielectrics

17.4 Molecular Model of Induced Charge

17.5 Gauss s Law In Dielectrics

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18 CURRENT， RESISTANCE AND ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE

18.1 Current

18.2 Resistivity

18.3 Resistance

18.4 Electromotive Force and Internal Resistance

18.5 Theory of Metallic Conduction

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Questions

Exercises

APPENDICES

Appendix A The International System of Units

Appendix B Useful Mathematical Relations

Appendix C The Greek Alphabet

Appendix D Periodic Table of the Elements

Appendix E Unit Conversion Factors

Appendix F Numerical Constants

Appendix G Answers to Exercises

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