量子光学基础

Classical Electromagnetic Fields

1.1 Maxwells Equations in a Vacuum

1.2 Maxwells Equations in a Medium

1.3 Linear Dipole Oscillator

1.4 Coherence

1.5 Free-Electron Lasers

Problems

Classical Nonlinear Optics

2.1 Nonlinear Dipole Oscillator

2.2 Coupled-Mode Equations

2.3 Cubic Nonlinearity

2.4 Four-Wave Mixing with Degenerate Pump Frequencies

2.5 Nonlinear Susceptibilities

Problems

Quantum Mechanical Background

3.1 Review of Quantum Mechanics

3.2 Time-Dependent Perturbation Theory

3.3 Atom-Field Interaction for Two-Level Atoms

3.4 Simple Harmonic Oscillator

Problems

Mixtures and the Density Operator

4.1 Level Damping

4.2 The Density Matrix

4.3 Vector Model of Density Matrix

Problems

CW Field Interactions

5.1 Polarization of Two-Level Medium

5.2 Inhomogeneously Broadened Media

5.3 Counterpropagating Wave Interactions

5.4 Two-Photon Two-Level Model

5.5 Polarization of Semiconductor Gain Media

Problems

6 Mechanical Effects of Light

6.1 Atom-Field Interaction

6.2 Doppler Cooling

6.3 The Near-Resonant Kapitza-Dirac Effect

6.4 Atom Interferometry

Problems

Introduction to Laser Theory

7.1 The Laser Self-Consistency Equations

7.2 Steady-State Amplitude and Frequency

7.3 Standing-Wave, Doppler-Broadened Lasers

7.4 Two-Mode Operation and the Ring Laser

7.5 Mode Locking

7.6 Single-Mode Semiconductor Laser Theory

7.7 Transverse Variations and Gaussian Beams

Problems

Optical Bistability

8.1 Simple Theory of Dispersive Optical Bistability

8.2 Absorptive Optical Bistability

8.3 Ikeda Instability

Problems

9 Saturation Spectroscopy

9.1 Probe Wave Absorption Coefficient

9.2 Coherent Dips and the Dynamic Stark Effect

9.3 Inhomogeneously Broadened Media

9.4 Three-Level Saturation Spectroscopy

9.5 Dark States and Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

Problems

10 Three and Four Wave Mixing

10.1 Phase Conjugation in Two-Level Media

10.2 Two-Level Coupled Mode Coefficients

10.3 Modulation Spectroscopy

10.4 Nondegenerate Phase Conjugation by Four-Wave Mixing

Problems

11 Time-Varying Phenomena in Cavities

11.1 Relaxation Oscillations in Lasers

11.2 Stability of Single-Mode Laser Operation

11.3 Multimode Mode Locking

11.4 Single-Mode Laser and the Lorenz Model

Problems

Coherent Transients

12.1 Optical Nutation

12.2 Free Induction Decay

12.3 Photon Echo

12.4 Ramsey Fringes

12.5 Pulse Propagation and Area Theorem

12.6 Self-Induced Transparency

12.7 Slow Light

Problems

Field Quantization

13.1 Single-Mode Field Quantization

13.2 Multimode Field Quantization

13.3 Single-Mode Field in Thermal Equilibrium

13.4 Coherent States

13.5 Coherence of Quantum Fields

13.6 Quasi-Probability Distributions

13.7 SchrSdinger Field Quantization

13.8 The Gross-Pitaevskii Equation

Problems

Interaction Between Atoms and Quantized Fields

14.1 Dressed States

14.2 Jaynes-Cummlngs Model

14.3 Spontaneous Emission in Free Space

14.4 Quantum Beats

Problems

System-Reservoir Interactions

15.1 Master Equation

15.2 Fokker-Planck Equation

15.3 Langevin Equations

15.4 Monte-Carlo Wave Functions

15.5 Quantum Regression Theorem and Noise Spectra

Problems

Resonance Fluorescence

16.1 Phenomenology

16.2 Langevin Equations of Motion

16.3 Scattered Intensity and Spectrum

16.4 Connection with Probe Absorption

16.5 Photon Antibnnching

16.6 Off-Resonant Excitation

Problems

Squeezed States of Light

17.1 Squeezing the Coherent State

17.2 Two-Sidemode Master Equation

17.3 Two-Mode Squeezing

17.4 Squeezed Vacuum

Problems

Cavity Quantum ElectrodynAmlcs

18.1 Generalized Master Equation for the Atom-Cavity System

18.2 Weak Coupling Regime

18.3 Strong Coupling Regime

18.4 Velocity-Dependent Spontaneous Emission

18.5 Input-Output Formalism

Problems

Quantum Theory of a Laser

19.1 The Micromaser

19.2 Single Mode Laser Master Equation

19.3 Laser Photon Statistics and Linewidth

19.4 Quantized Sidemode Buildup

Problems

Entanglement, Bell Inequalities and Quantum Information

20.1 Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox and Bell Inequalities

20.2 Bipartite Entanglement

20.3 The Quantum Beam Splitter

20.4 Quantum Teleportation

20.5 Quantum Cryptography

20.6 Toward Quantum Computing

Problems

References

Index

This book grew out of a 2-semester graduate course in laser physics and quan-tum optics. It requires a solid understanding of elementary electromagnetismas well as at least one, but preferably two, semesters of quantum mechanics.