统计力学 : 第3版

preface to the third edition

preface to the second edition

preface to the first edition

historical introduction

1. the statistical basis of thermodynamics

1.1. the macroscopic and the microscopic states

1.2. contact between statistics and thermodynamics：physical significance of the number （n， v，e）

1.3. further contact between statistics and thermodynamics

1.4. the classical ideal gas

1.5. the entropy of mixing and the gibbs paradox

1.6. the "correct" enumeration of the microstates

Problems

2. elements of ensemble theory

2.1. phase space of a classical system

2.2. liouville's theorem and its consequences

2.3. the microcanordcal ensemble

2.4. examples

2.5. quantum states and the phase space

Problems

3. the canonical ensemble

3.1. equilibrium between a system and a heat reservoir

3.2. a system in the canonical ensemble

3.3. physical significance of the various statistical quantities in the canonical ensemble

3.4. alternative expressions for the partition function

3.5. the classical systems

3.6. energy fluctuations in the canonical ensemble：correspondence with the microcanonical ensemble

3.7. two theorems - the "equipartition" and the "virial"

3.8. a system of harmonic oscillators

3.9. the statistics of paramagnetism

3.10. thermodynamics of magnetic systems：negative temperatures

Problems

4. the grand canonical ensemble

4.1. equilibrium between a system and a particle-energy reservoir

4.2. a system in the grand canonical ensemble

4.3. physical significance of the various statistical quantities

4.4. examples

4.5. density and energy fluctuations in the grand canonical ensemble： correspondence with other ensembles

4.6. thermodynamic phase diagrams

4.7. phase equilibrium and the clausius-clapeyron equation

Problems

5. formulation of quantum statistics

5.1. quantum-mechanical ensemble theory：the density matrix

5.2. statistics of the various ensembles

5.3. examples

5.4. systems composed of indistinguishable particles

5.5. the density matrix and the partition function of a system of free particles

Problems

6. the theory of simple gases

6.1. an ideal gas in a quantum-mechanical microcanonical ensemble

6.2. an ideal gas in other quantum-mechanical ensembles

6.3. statistics of the occupation numbers

6.4. kinetic considerations

6.5. gaseous systems composed of molecules with internal motion

6.6. chemical equilibrium problems

7. ideal bose systems

7.1. thermodynamic behavior of an ideal bose gas

7.2. bose-einstein condensation in ultracold atomic gases

7.3. thermodynamics of the blackbody radiation

7.4. the field of sound waves

7.5. inertial density of the sound field

7.6. elementary excitations in liquid helium ii

Problems

8. ideal fermi systems

8.1. thermodynamic behavior of an ideal fermi gas

8.2. magnetic behavior of an ideal fermi gas

8.3. the electron gas in metals

8.4. ultracold atomic fermi gases

8.5. statistical equilibrium of white dwarf stars

8.6. statistical model of the atom

Problems

9. thermodynamics of the early universe

9.1. observational evidence of the big bang

9.2. evolution of the temperature of the universe

9.3. relativistic electrons， positrons， and neutrinos

9.4. neutron fraction

9.5. annihilation of the positrons and electrons

9.6. neutrino temperature

9.7. primordial nucleosynthesis

9.8. recombination

9.9. epilogue

Problems

10. statistical mechanics of interacting systems：the method of cluster expansions

10.1. cluster expansion for a classical gas

10.2. virial expansion of the equation of state

10.3. evaluation of the virial coefficients

10.4. general remarks on cluster expansions

10.5. exact treatment of the second virial coefficient

10.6. cluster expansion for a quantum-mechanical system

10.7. correlations and scattering

Problems

11. statistical mechanics of interacting systems：the method of quantized fields

11.1. the formalism of second quantization

11.2. low-temperature behavior of an imperfect bose gas

11.3. low-lying states of an imperfect bose gas

11.4. energy spectrum of a bose liquid

11.5. states with quantized circulation

11.6. quantized vortex rings and the breakdown of superfluidity

11.7. low-lying states of an imperfect fermi gas

11.8. energy spectrum of a fermi liquid： landau's phenomenological theory

11.9. condensation in fermi systems

Problems

12. phase transitions： criticality， universality， and scaling

12.1. general remarks on the problem of condensation

12.2. condensation of a van der waals gas

12.3. a dynamical model of phase transitions

12.4. the lattice gas and the binary alloy

12.5. ising model in the zeroth approximation

12.6. ising model in the first approximation

12.7. the critical exponents

12.8. thermodynamic inequalities

12.9. landau's phenomenological theory

12.10. scaling hypothesis for thermodynamic functions

12.11. the role of correlations and fluctuations

12.12. the critical exponents v and

12.13. a final look at the mean field theory

Problems

13. phase transitions： exact （or almost exact） results for various models

13.1. one-dimensional fluid models

13.2. the ising model in one dimension

13.3. the n-vector models in one dimension

13.4. the ising model in two dimensions

13.5. the spherical model in arbitrary dimensions

13.6. the ideal bose gas in arbitrary dimensions

13.7. other models

Problems

14. phase transitions： the renormalization group approach

14.1. the conceptual basis of scaling

14.2. some simple examples of renormalization

14.3. the renormalization group： general formulation

14.4. applications of the renormalization group

14.5. finite-size scaling

Problems

15. fluctuations and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics

15.1. equilibrium thermodynamic fluctuations

15.2. the einstein-smoluchowski theory of the brownian motion

15.3. the langevin theory of the brownian motion

15.4. approach to equilibrium： the fokker-planck equation

15.5. spectral analysis of fluctuations： the wiener-khintchine theorem

15.6. the fluctuation-dissipation theorem

15.7. the onsager relations

Problems

16. computer simulations

16.1. introductionand statistics

16.2. monte carlo simulations

16.3. molecular dynamics

16.5. computer simulation caveats

problems

appendices

a. influence of boundary conditions on the distribution of quantum states

b. certain mathematical functions

c. "volume" and "surface area" of an n-dimensional sphere of radius r

d. on bose-einstein functionse. on fermi-dirac functions

f. a rigorous analysis of the ideal bose gas and the onset of bose-einstein condensation

g. on watson functions

h. thermodynamic relationships

i. pseudorandom numbers

bibliography

index

《统计力学（第3版）》是一本研究生水平的统计力学经典教材。是以作者多年来在几所大学为研究生授课的讲义为蓝本而写成的。《统计力学（第3版）》初版于1972年，其内容涵盖了统计力学的标准内容，叙述清晰详细，深受读者欢迎。第2版对第1版的内容作了补充和删改，重写了关于相变理论的部分，增加了临界现象的重正化群理论的内容。《统计力学（第3版）》是第3版，增加了一些有关波色—爱因斯坦凝聚态和超冷原子气体的退化费米行为章节和讲述计算模拟方法和早期宇宙热动力学的两章；也增加了化学和相变平衡，扩充讲述了其与散布、量子场、有限尺寸效应和涨落耗散定理的相互关系。希望这个新的版本一如既往地为新一代的学习统计物理的学生提供坚实的基础。每章末增加了注释并附有习题。