隐喻化中的源语概念影响

List of Figures

List of Tables

List of Abbreviations

Acknowledgements

前言

Chapter One Introduction

1.1 Research Background

1.2 Purpose of the Book

1.3 Significance of the Study

1.4 Organization of the Book

Chapter Two Metaphorization Across Languages

2.1 The Modern View:Conceptual Metaphor Theory

2.1.1 Nature of Conceptual Metaphor

2.1.2 Conceptual Metaphor System

2.1.3 The Philosophical Background:Experientialism

2.1.4 Three Types of Conceptual Metaphors

2.2 Image Schema Underlying Conceptual Metaphor

2.2.1 Definition and Properties of Image Schema

2.2.2 Diagram or Image:Representation of Image Schema

2.2.3 The Invariance Principle:Image Schema in Metaphor

2.3 Metaphorization

2.3.1 Definition of Metaphorization

2.3.2 Conceptualization and Language

2.3.3 Metaphorization and Metaphorical Language

2.3.4 Three Mechanisms of Metaphorization

2.4 Cross-linguistic Metaphorization

2.4.1 Universalism and Relativism of Human Conceptualization

2.4.2 Necessity of Cross-linguistic Metaphorization Study

2.4.3 M etaphor Studies in China and Importance of PresentResearch

Chapter Three SL Conceptual Influence in Metaphorization

3.1 Definition of Language Transfer

3.2 A Historical Overview of Language Transfer Studies

3.2.1 The Behaviorist Approach

3.2.2 The Mentalist Approach

3.2.3 The Current Trend:the Cognitive Approach

3.3 A New Term:SL Conceptual Influence

3.3.1 Need for a New Framework

3.3.2 Terminology of SL Conceptual Influence

3.3.3 Linguistic Manifestations of SL Conceptual Influence

3.4 Theoretical Support for SL Conceptual Influence

3.4.1 Psychological Basis

3.4.2 Thinking for Speaking Theory

3.4.3 Compound Conceptual System Theory

3.4.4 Conceptual Fluency Theory

3.5 SCI in Metaphorization atLexicosemantic Level

3.5.1 SCI at Lexicosemantic Level

3.5.2 SCI in Metaphorization on Learning TL Metaphorical Senses

3.5.3 Reality of SCI in Metaphorization Lexicosemantic Level

3.6 A Cognitive Model in Lexicosemantic Analysis

3.6.1 The Theoretical Framework of Cognitive Semantics

3.6.2 Three Conceptual Mechanism s in Meaning Formation

3.6.2.1 Image schemata in lexical semantic analysis

3.6.2.2 Metaphoricalmappings in lexical semantic analysis

3.6.2.3 Prototypicality in lexical semantic analysis

3.6.3 Summary:A HierarchicalModel

Chapter Four Research Design

4.1 Methodology I:An E-C Comparative Study of Metaphorization

4.1.1 A Macro-perspective Contrastive Analysis

4.1.1.1 Data collection

4.1.1.2 Data analysis

4.1.2 A Micro-perspective Contrastive Analysis

4.1.2.1 Justification of the case study of RED，UP and OUT

4.1.2.2 RED，UP and OUT vs.red，up and out

4.1.2.3 Data collection:the dictionary-based and corpus-based approach

4.1.2.4 Data analysis:categorization and statistics

4.2 Methodology II:An Empirical Study of SCI of Metaphorization

4.2.1 Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis

4.2.1.1 Rationale ofContrastive Interlanguage Analysis

4.2.1.2 Data collection:native-student corpus and learner corpus

4.2.1.3 Data analysis:three steps

4.2.2 Error Analysis

4.2.2.1 Rationale of error analysis

4.2.2.2 Data collection:sample collection and identification of errors

4.2.2.3 Data analysis:description and explanation of errors

Chapter Five An E-C Comparative Study of Metaphorization

5.1 The Macro-perspective Contrastive Analysis

5.1.1 Structural Metaphorization

5.1.2 Orientational Metaphorization

5.1.3 Ontological Metaphorization

5.2 The Micro-perspective Contrastive Analysis

5.2.1 The RED Metaphorization

5.2.1.1 The metaphorical senses of“red”in English and“hong”in Chinese

5.2.1.2 The RED schemata and their prototypicality in English and Chinese

5.2.1.3 The RED mappings and their prototypicality in English and Chinese

5.2.2 The UPM etaphorization

5.2.2.1 The metaphorical senses of“up”in English and“shang”&“qi”in Chinese

5.2.2.2 The UP schemata and their prototypicality in English and Chinese

5.2.2.3 The UP mappings and their prototypicality in English and Chinese

5.2.3 The OUT Metaphorization

5.2.3.1 The metaphorical senses of“out”in English and“chu”&“wai”in Chinese

5.2.3.2 The OUT schemata and their prototypicality in English and Chinese

5.2.3.3 The OUT mappings and their prototypicality in English and Chinese

5.3 Summary

Chapter Six An Empirical Study of SC I in Metaphorization

6.1 A Corpus-based Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis

6.1.1 MetaphoricalUses in the Corpora

6.1.2 SCI in Metaphorization of the Concept RED

6.1.2.1 The influence of E-C congruence in RED schemata and mappings

6.1.2.2 The influence of E-C prototypicality in RED schemata and mappings

6.1.3 SCI in Metaphorization of the Concept UP

6.1.3.1 The influence of E-C congruence UP schemata and mappings

6.1.3.2 The influence of E-C prototypicality in UP schemata and mappings

6.1.4 SCI in Metaphorization of the Concept OUT

6.1.4.1 The influence of E-C congruence in OUT schemata and mappings

6.1.4.2 The influence of E-C prototypicality in OUT schemata and mappings

6.1.5 A General Discussion

6.2 ErrorAnalysis

6.2.1 Description of Errors

6.2.2 Classification of Errors

6.2.3 Explanation of Errors

6.2.4 SCI and L1-induced Errors

6.2.4.1 The influence of Chinese mappings and prototypicality on RED errors

6.2.4.2 The influence of Chinese mappings and prototypicality on UP errors

6.2.4.3 The influence of Chinese mappings and prototypicality on OUT errors

6.2.5 A General Discussion

Chapter Seven Conclusions and Implications

7.1 Conclusions

7.1.1 Research Question1

7.1.2 Research Question2

7.2 Implications

7.2.1 Theoretical Implications

7.2.2 Pedagogical Implications

7.3 Limitations

References

Appendices

Appendix1 Raw data in macro-perspective contrastive analysis

Appendix2 Raw data in m icro-perspective contrastive analysis

Appendix3 Topics for writings in NSC and LCs

Appendix4 Raw data in contrastive interlanguage analysis

Appendix5 Independent-samples Ttest results in contrastive interlanguage analysis

Appendix6 Interview

Appendix7 Raw data in error analysis

《隐喻化中的源语概念影响：基于语料库的中国英语学习者隐喻表达研究》旨在把认知语言学中的概念隐喻理论与应用语言学中的二语习得结合起来，从隐喻化角度探索隐喻语言学习中的源语概念迁移现象。作者江静提出，隐喻化是一种多层动态的概念机制，从而建立了隐喻义形成的潜在认知模型。在此基础上，本书对英汉隐喻化进行宏观对比分析和微观对比分析，揭示英汉隐喻化的异同。在对英语本民族语学生语料库和中国学习者语料库进行对比分析后，作者发现英汉隐喻化的异同会导致中国英语学习者隐喻义习得过程中受到源语的概念影响。该研究为语言迁移现象提供了新的思路，强调在二语习得中应该增强源语概念影响意识。

《隐喻化中的源语概念影响：基于语料库的中国英语学习者隐喻表达研究》对广大高校英语教师以及从事语言学和应用语言学研究的人员具有较高的参考价值。

《隐喻化中的源语概念影响：基于语料库的中国英语学习者隐喻表达研究》尝试从英语和汉语的角度探讨隐喻的认知理论，从而确认英语和汉语间隐喻化的异同会导致中国英语学习者隐喻义习得过程中受到源语的概念影响。

　　《隐喻化中的源语概念影响：基于语料库的中国英语学习者隐喻表达研究》从认知角度探究隐喻主要来源于客观世界与语言之间存在的中间层面“概念化”的设想，由此提出隐喻化这一概念。隐喻化是一种多层、动态的概念机制，它概括了我们认识世界的经验，并同时成为隐喻语言的基础。诚然，隐喻化在不同文化中具有普遍性和相对性。