Linux指令与Shell编程范例速查手册

第1单元 Linux简介和命令操作 ········ 1

1.1 Linux基础知识 ················································ 1

1.1.1 Linux简介和发行商 ···········································1

1.1.2 运行层级和初始模式 ·········································8

1.1.3 登录方式 ··························································· 11

1.2 命令操作方式 ················································· 15

1.2.1 命令使用的时机 ···············································15

1.2.2 命令的基本操作 ···············································16

1.2.3 特殊命令的使用 ···············································17

1.3 在线帮助 ························································ 20

第2单元 BASH和Shell脚本 ············ 21

2.1 认识BASH ····················································· 21

2.1.1 了解Shell ···························································21

2.1.2 Shell的种类与差异 ···········································24

2.1.3 BASH的发展 ····················································26

2.1.4 BASH环境变量 ················································26

2.1.5 BASH的特性 ····················································30

2.2 Linux文本编辑器 ············································ 42

2.3 初步体验BASH编程 ······································· 46

2.3.1 最简单的例子——Hello World ·······················46

2.3.2 清除文件 ···························································48

2.4 Shell脚本编程基础知识·································· 50

2.4.1 Shell编程基本概念 ···········································50

2.4.2 关于输入、输出和错误输出 ···························53

2.4.3 判断和递归 ·······················································54

2.4.4 变量和运算 ·······················································61

2.4.5 特殊字符 ···························································66

2.5 引用字符 ························································ 68

2.5.1 转义字符 ···························································68

2.5.2 单引号 ·······························································71

2.5.3 双引号 ·······························································71

2.6 正则表达式 ···················································· 72

2.6.1 何谓正则表达式 ···············································72

2.6.2 正则表达式的特殊字符 ···································73

2.6.3 实例介绍 ···························································74

2.7 sed命令和awk编程 ········································ 75

2.7.1 sed命令······························································75

2.7.2 awk编程 ····························································76

2.8 Shell扩展 ······················································· 81

2.8.1 花括号扩展 ·······················································81

2.8.2 代字符（～）扩展 ···········································82

2.8.3 Shell参数和变量扩展 ·······································83

2.8.4 命令替换 ···························································84

2.8.5 算术扩展 ···························································85

2.8.6 字分割 ·······························································87

2.8.7 路径名扩展 ·······················································88

2.8.8 进程替换 ···························································89

2.9 标准函数库 ···················································· 89

2.9.1 库

本书介绍Linux指令与Shell编程，内容分为3个单元，共330个命令。第1单元为Linux简介和命令操作，主要介绍Linux基础知识、命令操作方式、；第2单元为BASH和SHELL脚本，主要讲述Shell的工作原理、Shell的种类、Shell的一般操作以及BASH的一些特性；第3单元为Linux指令，介绍查询、设置和操作硬件的命令，让读者对硬件命令的操作有个基础的概念。附录把第3单元的指令按照来源进行分类以便读者查阅。
本书在常用的Linux相关环境上测试，包含各大著名的发行商： Red Hat、Fedora、Debian、Ubuntu、gentoo，并提供实用的分类方式与关联性介绍，以便于读者学习。此外，还将提供详细的范例供读者参考，这将是一个学习Linux的读者不可或缺的工具书。