生物专业英语

Chapter 1 Introduction to Biology 1

1.1 What is Biology 1

1.2 The Origin of Life 4

1.3 The Significance of Biology in Your Life 8

1.4 The History of Biology——Additional Reading 11

Chapter 2 Microbiology 16

2.1 The Scope and relevance of Microbiology 16

2.2 The Future of Microbiology 22

2.3 Prokaryotes, Eukaryotic Microbes and Viruses 27

2.4 Extreme Microbes——Additional Reading 32

Chapter 3 Cellular Biology 36

3.1 The Discovery of Cells 36

3.2 Basic Properties of Cells 39

3.3 The Concepts in Mammalian Cell Culture——Additional Reading 44

Chapter 4 Botany——Plant Biology 52

4.1 The Scope and Importance of Botany 52

4.2 Flowers, Fruits and Seeds of Plants 55

4.3 Photosynthesis 59

4.4 Some Achievements of Transgenic Plants——Additional Reading 62

Chapter 5 Zoology——Animal Biology 68

5.1 What is Zoology 68

5.2 Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems of Animals 70

5.3 Transgenic Animals——Additional Reading 75

Chapter 6 Molecular Genetics 79

6.1 Gene and Chromosomes 79

6.2 Functional structure of a gene 82

6.3 Gene Expression 86

6.4 Essentials for Genetic Engineering——Additional Reading 89

Chapter 7 Biochemistry 94

7.1 Enzymes 94

7.2 Metabolism 96

7.3 Energy Transformation 99

7.4 Protein crystallization——Additional Reading 103

Chapter 8 Ecology 107

8.1 What is Ecology 107

8.2 Ecosystems 110

8.3 Biodiversity——Additional Reading 113

Chapter 9 Biotechnology 117

9.1 Biotechnology 117

9.2 Recombinant DNA Technology 121

9.3 Recombinant Protein Expression 124

9.4 Bioalcohols——Additional Reading 127

Chapter 10 Genomics 132

10.1 The First Sequenced Genomes 132

10.2 The Functional Genomics 135

10.3 Proteomics 138

10.4 Bioinformatics——Additional Reading 141

Appendix Ⅰ Answers to Exercises 145

Appendix Ⅱ Index of Professional Words and Phrases 162

参考文献 176

《生物专业英语》为普通高等教育“十二五”规划教材生物科学生物技术系列之一。 《生物专业英语》以各生物分支学科的英文原版教材为主，内容选材丰富、知识点较新，各章节内容比例适当、难易程度适中，英语方式表达纯正。 在每章开篇通过“本章中文导读”对其各节知识点以及该章节的学习要点进行简要介绍，而且在每章节后使用“Notes to the Difficult Sentences” 对重要的疑难专业英语知识进行翻译。 通过在每篇文章中标注专业词汇的具体位置，使得学生在学习时能更快找到它们在文中的语境，更好地理解其含义及其使用方法。 在各章节主讲内容基础上，多以各分支学科的最新研究动态（或热点）为主，增加补充相关材料以提高新颖性和趣味性。 本教材为各章节编排了丰富的习题。有为提高学生对专业英语词汇准确理解而设置的“Matching”练习，也有为提高学生专业英语的阅读能力而设置的“True or False”和“Reading Comprehension”练习，有为提高学生专业英语翻译水平而设置的“Translation from English to Chinese”练习，也有为提高学生专业英语写作能力而设置的“Translation from Chinese to English”练习。《生物专业英语》适合作为普通高等院校生物专业的专业英语教材，也可以作为研究生或者出国深造者提高专业英语水平的参考书。