梦的解析

FREUDAND THE SCIENTIFIC METHODPREFACECHAPTER 1（PART 1）THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE OF DREAM-PROBLEMS（UP TO1900）CHAPTER 1（PART 2）THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE OF DREAM-PROBLEMS（UP TO1900）CHAPTER 2 THE METHOD OF DREAM INTERPRETATIONCHAPTER 3 THE DREAM AS WISH-FULFILMENTCHAPTER 4 DISTORTION IN DREAMSCHAPTER 5（PART 1） THE MATERIAL AND SOURCES OF DREAMSCHAPTER 5（PART 2） THE MATERIAL AND SOURCES OF DREAMSCHAPTER 6（PART 1） THE DREAM-WORKCHAPTER 6（PART 2） THE DREAM-WORKCHAPTER 6（PART 3） THE DREAM-WORKCHAPTER 6（PART 4） THE DREAM-WORKCHAPTER 7（PART 1） THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE DREAM PROCESSESCHAPTER 7（PART 2） THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE DREAM PROCESSES

FREUDIANpsychological reality begins withthe world, full of objects. Amongthem is a veryspecial object, the organism. The organism isspecialin that it acts to survive and reproduce,and it is guided towardthose ends by its needs--hunger, thirst, the avoidance of pain, andsex.A part--a very important part--oftheorganism is the nervous system, which has as oneof itscharacteristics a sensitivity to theorganism's needs. At birth,that nervous systemis little more than that of any other animal,an"it" or id. The nervous system, as id, translatesthe organism'sneeds into motivational forcescalled, in German, Triebe, which hasbeentranslated as instincts or drives. Freud also calledthemwishes. This translation from need to wishis called the primaryprocess.【作者简介】弗洛伊德(Freud Sigmund1856-1939)，奥地利精神病医生，精神分析学派的创始人，终生从事著作和临床治疗。提出“潜意识”、“自我”、“本我”、“超我”、“伊底帕斯情结”、“性冲动”等概念，认为人类男性天生具有伊底帕斯情结，女性天生具有厄勒克特拉情结。其成就对哲学、心理学、美学甚至社会学、文学等都有深刻的影响，被世人誉为“精神分析之父”。他的思想极为深刻，探讨问题中，往往引述历代文学、历史、医学、哲学、宗教等材料。政治学家保尔·娄森认为，弗洛伊德“毫无疑问是历史上最伟大的心理学家之一”，而且是“一位伟大的思想家”。神学家保尔·蒂利希认为他是“所有深层心理学家当中最有深度的一位”。