量子输运

Preface

Acknowledgements

Listofsymbols

*1Prologue:anatomisticviewofelectricalresistance

1.1Energyleveldiagram

1.2Whatmakeselectronsflow?

1.3Thequantumofconductance

1.4Potentialprofile

1.5Coulombblockade

1.6TowardsOhmslaw

Exercises

*2Schrodingerequation

2.1Hydrogenatom

2.2Methodoffinitedifferences

2.3ExamplesExercises

*3Self-consistentfield

3.1Theself-consistentfield(SCF)procedure

3.2Relationtothemulti-electronpicture

3.3Bonding

3.4Supplementarynotes:multi-electronpicture

Exercises

4Basisfunctions

*4.1Basisfunctionsasacomputationaltool

*4.2Basisfunctionsasaconceptualtool

4.3Equilibriumdensitymatrix

4.4Supplementarynotes

Exercises

5Bandstructure

*5.1Toyexamples

*5.2Generalresult

*5.3Commonsemiconductor

5.4Effectofspin-orbitcoupling

5.5Supplementarynotes:theDiracequationExercises

6Subbands

*6.1Quantumwells,wires,dets,and"nanotubes"

*6.2Densityofstates

*6.3Minimumresistanceofawire

6.4Velocityofa(sub)bandelectron

Exercises

7Capacitance

*7.1ModelHamiltonian

7.2Electrondensity/densitymatrix

*7.3Quantumvs.electrostaticcapacitance

7.4Supplementarynotes:multi-bandeffectivemassHamiltonian

Exercises

8Levelbroadening

8.1Opensystems

8.2Localdensityofstates

8.3Lifetime

8.4Whatconstitutesacontact(reservoir)?

Exercises

9Coherenttransport

*9.1Overview

9.2Densitymatrix

9.3Inflow/outflow

*9.4Transmission

*9.5Examples

Exercises

10Non-coherenttransport

10.1Whydoesanatomemitlight?

10.2Examples

10.3Inflowandoutflow

10.4Supplementarynotes:phonons

Exercises

11Atomtotransistor

11.1Quantumtransportequations

*11.2PhysicsofOhmslaw

*11.3Whereistheheatdissipated?

*11.4Whereisthevoltagedrop?

Exercises

12Epilogue

Appendix:advancedformalism

A.1Correlationfunctions

A.2Non-equilibriumdensitymatrix

A.3Inflowandoutflow

A.4Inelasticflow

A.5Coulombblockade/Kondoresonance

MATLABcodesusedtogeneratetextfigures

Furtherreading

References

Index

　　本书通过大量的实例和图表，透彻地讲解了材料的电子输运理论及其潜在应用，重点描述了纳米结构在外加偏压下的电流行为，内容涉及到许多现代非平衡态量子统计力学中的高等概念。本书第1章简述量子输运的基本概念，第2章到第7章讲到氢原子、能带论和有效质量方程等，第8章到第11章讲述自洽计算电流-电压特性等物理性质的方法，重点强调非平衡态格林函数方法。最后一章以实际例子总结量子输运方程，阐明随着体系的增大，系统从原子弹道输运区过渡到欧姆输运区。本书的宽度和深度适当，对从事现代交叉学科纳米电子学研究的电子工程师、物理学家和化学家来讲是一本难得的好书。阅读本书仅需要基本的量子力学和偏微分方程知识。