3. 句首状语为表示地点的介词词组。

eg: From the valley came a frightening sound. South of the city lies a big steel factory.

介词短语 + 谓语 + 主语

谓语通常是be , stand, sit , lie 等动词。

4. 直接引语的全部或一部分在句首时。 “Do you think my clothes fit well?” asked the emperor. "Mr smith" said Mary, “ May I borrow your pen?"

注意： 主语是代词时，不用倒装。 “Where are you going?” he asked.