3.1.2 两条直线平行与垂直的判定
课后篇巩固探究
A组 基础巩固
1.已知直线l的倾斜角为20°,直线l1∥l,直线l2⊥l,则直线l1与l2的倾斜角分别是( )
A.20°,20° B.70°,70°
C.20°,110° D.110°,20°
解析∵直线l的倾斜角为20°,l1∥l,
∴l1的倾斜角α=20°.
∵l2⊥l,∴l2的倾斜角为20°+90°=110°.
答案C
2.已知▱ABCD的三个顶点的坐标分别是A(0,1),B(1,0),C(4,3),则顶点D的坐标为( )
A.(3,4) B.(4,3)
C.(3,1) D.(3,8)
解析设点D(m,n),直线AB,DC,AD,BC的斜率分别为kAB,kDC,kAD,kBC,由题意,得AB∥DC,AD∥BC,
则有kAB=kDC,kAD=kBC,
所以{■((0"-" 1)/(1"-" 0)=(3"-" n)/(4"-" m) "," @(n"-" 1)/(m"-" 0)=(3"-" 0)/(4"-" 1) "," )┤解得m=3,n=4.
所以顶点D的坐标为(3,4).
答案A
3.若过点A(2,-2),B(5,0)的直线与过点P(2m,1),Q(-1,m)的直线平行,则m的值为( )
A.-1 B.1/7 C.2 D.1/2
解析由kAB=kPQ,得(0"-(-" 2")" )/(5"-" 2)=(m"-" 1)/("-" 1"-" 2m),即m=1/7.
答案B
4.已知直线l1和l2互相垂直,且都过点A(1,1),若l1过原点O(0,0),则l2与y轴交点的坐标为( )
A.(2,0) B.(0,2)
C.(0,1) D.(1,0)
解析设直线l1,l2的斜率分别为k1,k2,l2与y轴交点坐标为(0,b),∵l1⊥l2,∴k1k2=-1.
∴(1"-" 0)/(1"-" 0)×(b"-" 1)/(0"-" 1)=-1,
解得b=2,即l2与y轴交点的坐标为(0,2).
答案B