Unit 1 friendship reading课时作业

阅读理解

　　How come we think dogs are so smart? A dog might be clever enough to fetch his lead when he wants to go out.But he might also spend a whole hour running after his own tail.How can you measure an animal's brain power?

　　The hardest part is coming up with the right test.The test has to be something the dog can learn to do: select a block by pushing it with a nose, for example.The test also has to be something the dog wants to do: a dog might stare at that block until he figures out there's a hidden treat.

　　Researchers use treats to give dogs IQ tests.The dog is presented with a plate with a blue block on it; underneath the block is a treat.The animal moves the block and gets the treat.Now the test gets tricky.The dog is presented with the same plate, but this time it has a blue block and a yellow coffee can lid(盖子)on it; the treat is under the yellow lid.The test: how long does it take the dog to learn that the treat is always under the new object on the plate？The smarter the dog, the quicker he'll find the treat.

　　That seems simple enough, but things become more complicated (复杂的) when you try to compare different kinds of animals.Monkeys__wipe__the__floor__with__dogs on this test.Dogs may have to try hundreds of times before they select the yellow lid.Monkeys learn much more quickly to find the hidden treat.Does that mean monkeys are smarter than dogs?

　　Not necessarily.The test was originally designed for monkeys, and it gives them an unfair advantage: by nature monkeys are curious and like to check out new things.Dogs tend to be cautious about approaching new things.

　　Even if you could find a test that was perfectly fair to all animals, it's silly to ask whether one kind of animal is smarter than another.All animals have the ability to learn things that are important to them.Otherwise they wouldn't survive.A chicken can figure out where to get food or how to run from a predator(食肉动物)．So a chicken is as smart as it needs to be.

1．What is a requirement for a test of animal intelligence?

A．The test must include a block like object.

B．The test must compare two different animals.

C．The test must be given when the animal is in training.

D．The test must be something that can be taught to an animal.

D　解析：细节理解题。由第二段的描述可知， 测试必须是动物能学会而且想做的事情。