B. penguins' tongues are very spiky

C. penguins prefer to eat slippery fish

D. there are no taste buds on penguins' tongues

1. All of the following decide that penguins need no taste perception EXCEPT ______ ．

A. they always swallow food whole

B. their tongue structure is special

C. their tongue function is different

D. they live in cold temperatures

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）

Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp

Everyone is forgetful, but as we grow old, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit, which can be a very annoying thing. (6) Read on for some techniques worth trying.

(7) .

People who regularly made plans and looked forward to future events had a 50% reduced chance of Alzheimer's disease (老年痴呆), according to a study. (8) Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. There's evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term (短期的) goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward to future events.

Go for a walk.

Slightly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of your brain that helps you form memories. Physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. (9)

Learn something new.

Take a foreign language class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation (刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. (10) Or go dancing with your friends.

A. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.

B. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.

C. This can be especially harmful to the old people.

D. It should be something like learning gardening.

E. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.

F. Focus on the future.

G. But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with life-changing events.