【试题解析】推理题。根据第二段后三行Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.可知他把这座摩天大楼设计成这个形状是为了让它成为伦敦的传统的一部分，也就是说让它继承伦敦的传统。故B正确。

3. 【答案】B

【试题解析】推理题。根据文章倒数第二段2,3,4行They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London.可知一些批评家认为这座大楼只是为那些富有的人而设计的。居住在这栋大楼附近的人都没有能力享受它。它是社会不公平的代表。故B正确。

4. 【答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了伦敦最新的摩天大楼the Shard，以及它的形状和设计理念。同时还讲述了人们对于这栋大楼的不同的看法。根据第一段最后一句However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.很多人都反对这栋大楼，说它并没有向一个好的方向改变。故D项符合文章的主题。

【长难句解析】

1.When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖顶).

【翻译】当他开始为伦敦设计the Shard的时候，Piano想要设计一个看起来像尖顶的很高的大楼。

【分析】本句中含有一个when引导的时间状语从句，后面的主句里有一个定语从句that looked like a spire (尖顶).修饰前面的先行词a very tall building。

2. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal

【翻译】他们说the Shard在说明伦敦正变得更加不公平。

【分析】本句中的动词say后面含有一个that引导的宾语从句the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal这个宾语从句中动词show后面有一个how引