2) A network of advisers and coaches for a career. If education never ends, Georgia Tech predicts, neither should the critical advising function that colleges provide to students. The commission outlines a plan in which artificial intelligence and virtual tutors help advise students about selecting courses and finding the best career options. But even for a university focused on science and technology, Georgia Tech doesn't suggest in its report that computers will replace humans for all advising.

3) A distributed presence around the world. Colleges and universities operate campuses and require students to come to them. In the past couple of decades, online education has grown greatly, but for the most part, higher education is still about face-to-face interactions.

Georgia Tech imagines a future in which the two worlds are blended in what it calls the "atrium" - a place that share space with entrepreneurs and become gathering places for students and alumni.

In some ways, as the report noted, the atrium idea is a nod to the past, when universities had agricultural and engineering experiment stations with services closer to where people in the state needed them.

Whether Georgia Tech's ideas will become real is, of course, unclear. But as Alexander told me after reading it, "There is a strong emphasis on flexibility and transformation so they can meet emergent trends." This is clear: colleges and universities are about to undergo a period of deep change - whether they want to or not - as the needs of students and the economy shift.

1. What can we learn from the two camps' opinions about future colleges?

A. Future workforce will have high levels of education.

B. The expensive traditional degree is losing its appeal.

C. Traditional higher education is not practical.

D. Declining enrollment in college results from easy learning.

2. What should traditional colleges do according to Alexander?

A. They should provide new options for adults to enter colleges.

B. They should strengthen the ties between secondary and postsecondary schools.

C. They should abandon what they have and change their historical mission.

D. They should offer more freedom to students throughout their life.

3. What can we infer from the commission's report?

A. Students can return for further study or make donations freely after graduation.

B. Artificial intelligence and virtual tutors will perform better in career guidance.