A good cry can often make us feel better.Now，a new study has suggested that the benefits of crying depend totally on the what，where and when of a particular cry.The University of South Florida psychologists Jonathan Rottenberg and Lauren Bylsma，with their colleagues analyzed the detailed accounts of more than 3，000 crying experiences.

　　The researchers found that most of the participants (参与者) reported improvements in their mood after crying.However，one third of the survey participants reported no improvement in mood and a tenth felt worse after crying.The survey also showed that criers who received social support during their crying were the most likely to feel better.

　　Studies have not always produced a clear picture of the benefits of crying，because the results often seem to depend on how crying is studied.The researchers noted several challenges in accurately studying crying behavior in a laboratory.

　　Volunteers who cry in a laboratory setting often do not describe their experiences as making them feel better.Rather，crying in a laboratory setting often results in the study participants feeling worse；this may be due to the stressful conditions of the study，such as being recorded or watched by research assistants.

　　However，these laboratory studies have provided interesting findings about the physical effects of crying.Criers do show calming effects，but they also experience a lot of unpleasant stress.

　　What is interesting is that bodily calming usually lasts longer than the unpleasant arousal (激发)．The calming effects may occur later and overcome the stress reaction.This would explain why people tend to remember mostly the pleasant side of crying.

　　Research has shown that the effects of crying also depend on who is weeping tears.For example，individuals with anxiety are least likely to experience the positive effects of crying.Also，the researchers found that people who lack insight (洞察力) into their emotional lives actually feel worse after crying.

　　【语篇解读】　一项有关哭的最新研究表明：哭后情绪是否好转完全取决于哭的原因、哭的地点以及哭的时间。

1．What do we know about crying from the first three paragraphs?