答案

　　1．respect　2.in particular　3.in practice

　　4．in；condition　5.take it for granted

　　6．Thanks to　7.on average

　　8．had; effect on　9.volunteered　10.approach

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full __1__ of the facts he observes. He doesn't accept ideas which are not __2__ on obvious facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority (权威) as the only __3__ for truth. He always __4__ ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.

　　 The rise of __5__ science may perhaps be considered to __6__ as far back as the __7__ of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher (哲学家) of Oxford, who lived __8__ the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the middle __9__ to suggest that we must learn science __10__ observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself __11__ many important discoveries.

Galileo, however, who lived about 300 years later (1564-1642), the greatest of several great men, __12__ lived in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by __13__ to show how many important __14__ could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more __15__ towards the earth than small ones, __16__