典句精讲

Introduction

1.The Great Wall of China is the longest man-made structure ever built.

万里长城是人类历史上最长的人造建筑。

【巧解句构】这是一个简单句。man-made是复合形容词，作前置定语，修饰名词structure；ever built是过去分词（短语）作后置定语(which has been ever built).

【要点剖析】复合形容词有多种组成形式：

名词+动词的过去分词：如:man-made satellite（人造卫星）

形容词+动词-ing结构:如：an ordinary-looking man（一个相貌平平的人）

数词+名词+形容词：a three-meter-long bridge (一个三米长的桥)

数词+名词+-ed形式： a three-legged table (一个三条腿的桌子)

形容词+名词+-ed结构：a warm-hearted man (一个热心肠的人)

【误区警示】注意：这类复合形容词只能作前置定语，不能作后置定语。

2.It took six years to build and cost US$20 billion.

它花费了六年的时间，耗资20亿美元。

【巧解句构】这是动词不定式作真正主语，it作形式主语的简单句。

【要点剖析】这是因为动词不定式比较长，为了保持句子平衡，不至于头重脚轻。

【拓展延伸】To finish the task in one hour is a hard job.=It is a hard job to finish the task in one hour.

在一个小时以内完成这项工作是困难的。

联系：it作形式宾语，而动词不定式作真正的宾语：

I find it difficult to learn English well.

我发现学好英语太难了。

3.Its reservoir is more than 500 kilometers long.

水库有500多千米长。

【巧解句构】这是一个介绍长短的简单句。

【要点剖析】介绍长短、大小、尺码的句子结构是：

sth.is ...meters long/wide/deep=sth.is...meters in length/in width/in depth/in size

【拓展延伸】

1) This is a room 5 meters in length./4 meters in width.

这个屋子5米长/4米宽。

2）The river is 3 feet in depth.

这条河深3英尺。

3) This piece of clothing is a bit bigger in size.

这套服装在尺码上稍微大一些。

The Three Gorges Dam

1.The power of the Yangtze River, which is the world's third longest river, has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.

长江是世界第三大河流，其水力已被三峡大坝拦截利用。

【巧解句构】句中which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。整个主句就是：The power of the Yangtze River has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.

【要点剖析】which在定语从句中指代the Yangtze River，注意that不能引导非限制性定语从句。

【拓展延伸】1)Helen,who was sitting on my right, said that that meal was the worst one he had