Section_ⅣGrammar_&_Writing

被动语态(Ⅰ)　动词不定式的被动式

　　不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，即当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者时，不定式一般使用被动式。

　　一、动词不定式被动式的构成和意义

构成 意义 一般式 to be done 表示发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生的被动动作 完成式 to have been done 表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动动作 　　

　　The next thing to be done is to carry away the earth.

　　下一步要做的事是把土运走。

　　No harm seems to have been done to them.

　　对他们似乎并没有造成损害。

　　　1

　　①(山东高考改编)George returned after the war, only to_be_told (tell) that his wife had left him.

　　②(湖南高考改编)We've had a good start, but next, more work needs to_be_done/doing (do) to achieve the final success.

　　二、动词不定式被动式的用法

　　(1)作主语

　　It is an honour to be chosen as a volunteer.

　　能被选上做志愿者，真是一件荣幸的事情。

　　(2)作表语

　　The task is to be finished by next month.

　　这项工作要在下个月才能完成。

　　(3)作宾语

　　The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again.

　　那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。

　　(4)作宾语补足语

　　He ordered the baggage to be brought to his room.

　　他吩咐把行李搬进他的房间。

　　(5)作定语

He was the last one to be asked to speak at the meeting.