原句感知 自主探究 ①He said to me, "You are wrong."

→He told me that I was wrong.

②"Are you a soldier？" he asked.

→He asked if/whether I was a soldier.

③He asked, "Where are you going to get off, John？"

→He asked John where he was going to get off.

④"Make sure the door is closed，" the teacher said to me.

→The teacher told me to make sure the door was closed.

⑤"I will come and see you again this evening, Tom，" she said.

→She told Tom that she would go and see him again that evening.

⑥"I will come here again today，" she said.

→She said that she'd go there again that day. (1)若直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语时，要用连词that来引导宾语从句；直接引语中的人称、时态等都要作相应的变化，如①句。

(2)若直接引语为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词if或whether来引导宾语从句；同时，要将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，如②句。

(3)若直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用原来的疑问词来引导宾语从句；同时，要将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，如③句。

(4)若直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，需改用"动词＋宾语＋不定式"结构，其中的动词通常是表示"命令、建议、请求"的动词，如④句。

(5)直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词和动词要作相应变化，如⑤句。

(6)直接引语变间接引语时，地点状语和时间状语要作相应变化，如⑥句。 　　

　　[语法剖析]

语法点一 基本概念 　　引述或转述别人的话称为"引语"。直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号标出，叫做直接引语。用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号的叫做间接引语。

　　直接引语变为间接引语时，需在时态形式、人称代词、指示代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语以及词序等方面作相应的变化。

　　"I like singing，" she said.(直接引语)

　　→She said she liked singing.(间接引语)

　　"Don't touch anything，" he said.(直接引语)

　　→He told us not to touch anything.(间接引语)

　　[名师点津]　实际上，间接引语大都是宾语从句，其中由祈使句转换的间接引语在转换后是不定式。

语法点二 直接引语变为间接引语时连词的使用及句 式结构 1.引述陈述句时，用连词that引导(that在口语中常被省略。)