Unit 22 Environmental Protection语法篇

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1、掌握直接引语与间接引语，现在完成时的被动语态，非谓语动词的被动语态。

2、灵活运用直接引语与间接引语，现在完成时的被动语态，非谓语动词的被动语态。

直接引语与间接引语

一、概念

　　引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从语。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述语序。例如：

直接引语：He said，"I want to have a drink now."

间接引语：He said that he wanted to have a drink then.

二、变身方法

1.人称变化：

　　口诀：一主二宾三不变。即直接引语的第一人称取决于主句的主语,第二人称取决于主句的宾语,第三人称一般不变。

1）He said, "I get on well with people here."

→He said that he got on well with people there.

2）Susan said, "We can finish the work tomorrow."

→Susan said that they could finish the work the next day.

3）John said, "Mary went to Beijing three days ago."

→John said that Mary had gone to Beijing three days before.

2.时态变化：

　　口诀：主句现在从不变，主句过去从顺延。即如果主句中的谓语动词是现在时,宾语从句中谓语动词的时态可以不变;如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,则从句谓语动词的时态要变为相应的过去时态或过去完成时｡

1) He said, " I get up early every morning."