教学课题 人教版高二英语必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists 同步教案（1） 教学目标 知识目标：1.熟练掌握Unit 1 重点词汇、短语、句型的用法

2.初步熟悉过去分词作定语和表语

能力目标：学会用英语写议论文。

情感态度价值观：能够了解一些伟大的科学家们，以及他们值得学习的品质。 教学重点与难点 重点：熟练掌握Unit 1重点词汇、短语、句型

难点：了解过去分词作定语和表语 教学过程

（一）词汇

知识梳理

1. attend v. 注意；留意；处理(与to连用)=do with；出席；到场；照看；照料=take care=look after

例句：We'll attend to the problem later. 稍后我们将关注这个问题。

►词语链接

attend school/college 上学/上大学

attend a lecture/meeting 听讲座/出席会议

attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼/参加典礼

attendance n. 出席；出席的人数；伺候；照料

►即学即练

翻译句子。

①他们在我们不在时管理事务。

_________________________________________________

②他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。

____________________________________________________

Key: 1.They attended our affairs during our absence.

2. He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.

2. expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；受到风险；使面临"。

例句：The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemy's fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敌人的火力之下。

►词语链接

expose sth./sb./oneself (to ...) 显露或暴露于......

be exposed to 暴露于......

►即学即练

用expose的适当形式填空

①In summer,________ ________ ________ the sun can be very harmful to your skin.

②The soil was washed away by the flood, __________ bare rock.

Key: 1. being exposed to 2.exposing

3. absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；吸收（液体，气体，光，声等）；使全神贯注；吸引（注意等），后常接介词in/by；

例句：The old man was completely absorbed in the book. 老人全神贯注地读这本书。

►词语链接

absorbed adj.精神集中的 absorbing adj.十分吸引人的

absorb from sth.从......中吸收

be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于

►即学即练

① 那个人因为看报纸入神而撞到了墙上。

________ the newspaper, the man walked into a wall.

②他们聚精会神地看着电视里的表演，舍不得离开。

They were watching the show on television that they found it hard to pull away.

Key: 1. Absorbed in 2. so deeply absorbed in

4. blame vt.责备；谴责；归咎 n.责怪；(过失、过错等)责任

例句：The student blamed the teacher for his failure. 学生因失败而责怪老师。

►词语链接

blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而指责某人

blame sth. on sb. 因某事而指责某人

sb. be to blame for(doing) sth. 因(做)某事某人应受到谴责

温馨提示 be to blame 应负责(无被动形式)

►即学即练

We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that for their son's bad performance at school.

A. are to blame B. is to be blamed

C. are to be blamed D. is to blame

Key: A

5. cure vt.&n. 治愈，治疗；

例句：The doctor cured her of a bad cold. 医生治好了她的重感冒。

►词语链接

cure sb. of ... 治好某人

►易混辨析 cure/treat

cure意为"治疗；治愈"，多用于指药物治疗并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习气。

treat为日常用语，意为"治疗；医治"，指治疗病人的全过程。

That will cure him of his bad habits.那将改正他的坏习惯。

There are only two doctors to treat more than 50 patients. 只有两名医生来治疗50多个病人。

►即学即练

①盘尼西林治好了他的肺炎。

Penicillin his pneumonia.

②事故后卡车司机的擦伤得到了治疗。

After the accident, the lorry driver for cuts and bruises.

Key：1.cured him of 2. was treated

6. characteristic n.特色；特性；典型adj.特有的；典型的

例句：Kindness is one of his characteristics. 和善是他的特性之一。

►词语链接

易混辨析:

character/characteristic

character n.性格，品质（本身具有的）；角色，人物；字符

characteristic n. 特点，特征（用以区别于其他事物的）高手过招►即学即练

►即学即练

He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _________was seen at its best when he worked with others.

A. characteristic B. character C. appearance D. temper

Key：B

7. defeat vt.击败；打败；使（计划、希望）落空

例句：Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0. 我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。

►易混辨析

defeat/conquer/overcome

三个词都含有"战胜"、"击败"的意思。

defeat指"赢得胜利"，尤其指军事上的胜利，如：defeat the enemy(打败敌人)。

conquer指"征服;战胜",尤其指获得对人、物或感情的控制，如：conquer nature（征服自然）。

overcome指"战胜；压倒；克服"，尤其指"感情"，如：overcome difficulties（克服困难）。

defeat/beat/win

defeat, beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中"战胜,打败(对手)",后接竞争对手。如：beat the competitor/the country/the team ...打败对手/国家/团队......

win也表示"战胜,赢得",但它的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊重、崇拜之类意义的词。如：win a race/a battle/a war/a scholarship/a prize/a medal/success/friendship/reward ...赢得比赛/战役/战争/奖学金/奖品/奖章/成功/友谊/奖赏......

►即学即练

选词填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win）

①By not working hard enough you your own purpose.

②Some countries may be but can never be .

③Who is the drum?

④He the first prize in the writing contest.

Key：1. defeated 2.defeated, conquered 3.beating 4. won

8. link vt. 连接；联系 n. 环；连接；联系；纽带

例句：The highway links Shanghai to/with Beijing. 这条公路连接着上海和北京。

►词语链接

link ...to/with 将......和......连接/联系起来

link up 连接起来

►即学即练

翻译句子

①这两个城镇由一条铁路连接起来。

_________________________________________________

②这些事件之间都有一些微妙的(subtly)联系。

_________________________________________________

Key：1. The two towns are linked by a railway. 2. These events are all subtly linked together.

9. contribute vi．& vt．捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿

例句：He contributed to the church．他向教会捐款。

He often contributes to this newspaper．他经常向这家报社投稿。

►词语链接

contribution. n. 捐献，贡献；投稿

contribute...to ...向......捐献(投稿)

contribute to...促成，起作用，有助于

make a contribution to／towards向......捐赠；对...作出贡献

注意: 以上短语中to为介词；

►即学即练

用contribute的恰当形式或短语填空。

1) Everyone is encouraged to ___________ _________the discussion.

2) Her work has ___________ ___________our understanding of this difficult subject.

3) She has __________ poems to literary magazines．

Key：1. contribute to 2. contributed to 3. contributed

10. conclude vi.终结； 结束; 推断； 决定

例句：The meeting concluded at ten o'clock. 会议于十点钟结束。

►词语链接

conclusion n. 结束,结论

make／draw／reach／come to／arrive at a conclusion下结论，得出结论；

bring sth. to a conclusion使...结束；

in conclusion作为结论，最后；

►即学即练

翻译下列句子。

①这个夜晚以晚宴和演讲告一段落。

②他们总是会争辩一番，然后得出一个结论.

Key: 1. The evening concluded with dinner and speeches.

2. They'll kind of argue something through and then come to a conclusion.

巩固训练

一、单词拼写

1. He _________________(结束) his speech with some amusing remarks .

2. They were _______________ (打败)in the football match.

3. If I take this medicine twice a day, it should ___________ (治愈)my cold .

4. When she smiled, he ____________(露出) a perfect set of teeth.

5. Who is to ________________(责备) for the fire in the kitchen?

6. Black cloth ___________________ (吸收) light.

7. He _________________ (捐助) a lot of money to the charity (慈善机构).

答案: 1. concluded 2.defeated 3.cure 4. exposed 5. blame 6. absorbs 7. contributes

二、完成句子

1.It is difficult to __________ __________ _________ her heart trouble.（治愈她的心脏病）

2.根据你所说的，我断定她不适合做这项工作。

From what you say, I _________ __________ _________ _________ she is not the right person for the job.

3. Potatoes turn green when __________ to light.(暴露)

4. 那家新公司与几家老公司联合以保护自己。

The new company _________ ___________ several older ones in self-protection.

5.昨天会上有更好的建议被提了出来。

A better plan was __________ _________ at yesterday's meeting.

答案：1.cure her of 2.make/reach/draw a conclusion that 3. exposed 4.linked with 5.put forward

（二）短语

知识梳理

1. put forward 提出；拿出；放出；推举出

例句：Shall we put him forward as the candidate for chairman of the committee?

　　　　我们应该把他推举出来当委员会主席候选人吗？

常用搭配

put oneself /sth forward 自荐或推荐某人为某职位的候选人

put sth. forward 提前，把时钟往前拨；提出

►词语链接

put away收拾好 put out扑灭，生产 put up举起，搭建，张贴

put down 放下，写下 put on weight 增加体重 put off 推迟

put on 穿上，上演 put up with 容忍

►即学即练

（1）单项填空

At the meeting, he his plan.

A. looked forward to B. put forward

C. took forward D. came forward

（2）完成句子

她正为选举制度改革提出一些建议。

She is some proposals for electoral reform.

Key: 1. B 2.putting forward

例句：Apart from a few faults，he is a perfect teacher．除了几个缺点之外，他是一个很好的老师。

►词语辨析：

besides/except/except for/apart from

1）besides是 "除了...以外（还有）" 的意思，有肯定的附加意义，表示在整体中加上一部分，除去的部分包括在内，是包容关系。Besides还可作副词，表示"另外"，相当于in addition.

如: We all went besides the girls.除了姑娘们去之外，我们也都去了。

2）except 是"除了...以外（没有）"的意思，表示在整体中减去一部分，除去的部分要排除在外，是排除关系。前后名词性质相同。

如：We all went except the girls.除了姑娘们没去，我们都去了。

3）except for 意思是"除...之外"，用于引述细节以修正和补充句子的主要意思。前后名词性质不相同。

如：Your composition is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.

4）apart from 具有多重意义，即可表示besides，也可表示except或except for。

如：what do you like eating apart from (besides) apples?

I like doing sports apart from (except ) running.

►即学即练

（1） English, the speaker also has a good command of Russian and French.

　　　　A. Except B. Except for C. Beside D. Apart from

（2）用apart from/except for/except/except that/besides填空 （原创）

①We go there every day Monday.

②He is a good man his bad temper.

③Your article is good there are some spelling mistakes.

④ the cost, it will take a lot of time.

⑤ that, everything goes well.

Key: 1. D

　　　2. ①except ②except for/apart from ③except that ④Apart from/Besides ⑤Apart from/Except for

3. make sense 讲得通；有道理；有意义

例句：Your story doesn't make sense to me. 你编的故事我听不明白。

反义词组make no sense

►词语链接

lose/recover one's sense=be out of one's sense 失去/恢复知觉;丧失/恢复理智

make sense of 理解；明白

make no sense 没有道理；没有意义

There is no sense in doing sth.做某事没有道理。

►即学即练

单项填空

①What he says makes no __________ to her.

A. Care B. sense C. Interest D. meaning

②The poem is hard to understand. Can you make ___________Of the poem?

A. idea B. knowledge C. sense D. understanding

Key: 1.B 2.C

4. be strict with 对......严格

例句：Tom is strict with himself all the time. 汤姆一直都严于律己。

►词语链接

be strict with oneself 严于律己

be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格

in the strict sense 严格来说

►即学即练

(1)你应该严格要求自己。

___________________________________________________________________

(2)教练一定要对球员严格要求。

___________________________________________________________________

Key: 1.You should be strict with yourself.

2.The coach must be strict with the players.

巩固训练

一、写出下列必背词组

1. 提出 2. 对......严格

3. 下结论 4. 除了......之外

5. 和......连接 6. 对......捐献

7. 讲得通 8. 导致

答案：1.put forward　 2.be strict with 　3.draw a conclusion 　4. apart from 　5.link...to...　

　　　6.be contributed to...　 7.make sense 8.lead to

二、选词填空

1. It was 100 years ago that Albert Einstein_______________ his theory of Relativity.

2. Today we ____________ still __________ by his point of view about the universe, which still gives us valuable and right instructions to our scientific research.

3. His careless driving ____________ the serious traffic accident.

4. _______________ these reasons, he said nothing.

5. Only in this way can we ________________ of the universe completely.

6. They _______________ in the football match.

7. Could you ________________ this matter immediately?

8. Either the teacher or the students _____________ for the accident.

答案：1.put forward　2.are, absorbed 　3.led to 　4. apart from 　5. make sense　 6.were defeated　

　　　7. attend to 8. was to blame　

（三） 重点句型

1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次瘟疫爆发，数以千计的人们在恐惧中死去．

[解释] every time可作连词使用，引导时间状语从句，意为"每次，每当"

　　　immediately，the moment，directly，instantly等都可以作连词引导时间状语从句，意为"一......就......"

[典例]

1）Every time I meet him，I always think of the things happened between us．

　　每次见到他，我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。

2）Immediately he saw the message, he knew he misunderstood his best friend.

　　一见到纸条，他就知道他误会了他最好的朋友。

汉译英

①我一见到她就把这本书给了她。

_____________________________________________________

②每次我去找他，他都在专心看书．

_____________________________________________________

答案：1. I gave her the book the moment I saw her./ Immediately I saw her, I gave her the book.

　　　2. Every time I visit him, he was absorbed in a book.

2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说的清楚．

[解释] Only 引导的状语放在句首，句子需用半倒装．

[典例]

Only if he returns, can he find out the true．只有他回来，他才能发现真相。

汉译英

１) 只有用这种方法，你才能轻松地解决这个问题．

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

２) 只有你失去它的时候，你才会懂得时间的宝贵．

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案：(1)Only in this way, can you easily solve this problem.

　　　(2)Only when you lose it, will you understand the value of time.

3．He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it .....

他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转．

[解释] with + 宾语+ v. -ing / v. -ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等．

［典例］

1）With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest. 在老者的带路下，我们向森林进发。

2）She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face. 她不停地奔跑，汗珠顺着脸颊流下来。

汉译英

1） 老师微笑地走进教室，身后还跟着一群小朋友．

_____________________________________________________

2） 随着考试的结束，我们的假期开始了．

_____________________________________________________

答案：(1)With a group of children following, the teacher came into the classroom with smile.

　　 (2)With the end of exams, our vocation started.

考点活用

1. 要是我知道她的名字该多好啊.（if only）

2. 只有努力才能成功。（only if）

3. 我第一次见他的时候，他正在读一本英文小说。（the first time, be absorbed in）

4. 每次我叫玛丽出去逛街，她总是说她很忙。 （every time）

5.你知道癌症和吸烟有关吗？ ( be linked to )

答案：1. If only I know her name. 2. Only if we work hard, can we make a success.

　　　3. The first time I saw him, he was absorbed in an English novel.

　　　4. Every time I ask Mary to go out shopping with me, she always says she's busy.

　　　5. Do you know that cancer is linked to smoking?