Section Ⅲ　Grammar--被动语态(Ⅱ)&直接引语与间接引语

语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句 后自主感悟 1.By the time it ended，more than 700 people had been killed and 2，700 had been injured.

2.By the late 1890s，he had moved to Galveston，where he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane struck.

3.He said that eleven thousand people lived there and six thousand had left the week before.

4.The reporter asked when people would be able to return home. 1.2句采用了过去完成时，其构成形式为：主语＋had done。

2.1句采用了过去完成时的被动语态，其构成形式为：主语＋had been done。

3.3、4句均为直接引语变间接引语的句子，在变间接引语时，人称、时态、语序等方面都要做相应的变化。

　　一、过去完成时的被动语态

　　1．构成： had＋been＋过去分词

　　2．用法：

　　表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的被动动作。常用于before，after，by the time，when等引导的状语从句中，且谓语动词是一般过去时，以及by，before，until＋过去的时间点。

　　When she got home，she found that her keys had been left in her office.

　　当她到家时，她发现自己的钥匙忘在办公室里了。

　　By 16：30，which was almost closing time，nearly all the paintings had been sold.到下午四点半，差不多营业时间结束的时候，几乎所有的画都已经卖光了。

The newspaper reported more than 1，000 people had been killed in the hurricane.