三、难句剖析

1.The sad thing is that although VanGogh devoted his whole self to painting,he only sold one painting before he died in 1890.

令人悲伤的是尽管凡·高把毕生的精力都奉献给了绘画，但在1890年他死之前却只卖了一幅画。

【剖析】

本句的主语是The sad thing,系动词是is,that引导了一个表语从句，表语从句是一个带有although引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句。before he died in 1890是时间状语从句，修饰he only sold one.

【典型例句】

That he broke the glass is quite clear.

很显然是他打破了玻璃。（主语从句）

The boy dreamed （that） he was flying to the moon.

那男孩梦见他在飞向月球。（宾语从句）

All I can tell you is （that） he gives me some cake every day.

他每天给我一些蛋糕吃，这就是我能告诉你的一切。

【归纳】

that引导表语从句时，它在句中只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分，并且一般不省略。

that在主语从句和同位语从句中的作用，只起连接作用不充当任何成分并且不能省略。

that在宾语从句中不充当任何成分多数情况下可以省略，但如果宾语从句不止一个，则后面的that不能省略。（非正式文体除外）

活学巧用

1.1）句型转换

（1）She happened to have some money with her that day.

It ________ ________ she had some money on her that day.

答案:happened that

（2）That light travels in straight lines is known to all.

________ ________ ________ ________ all that light travels in straight lines.

答案：It is known to

2)单项填空

（1）It is pretty well understood ________ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out of the atmosphere today.

A.that B.when C.what D.how

提示：本题中it是形式主语，真正的主语是what引导的从句，本题中主语从句缺少主语，所以不能用that（在主语从句中不充当句子成分），也不能用how与when（副词不能作主语）。

答案：C

（2）What made the school proud was ________ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key university.

A.because B.that C.what D.why

答案：B

2.Although we adore his work today,VanGogh was not successful while he was alive.