Section Ⅳ　Grammar & Writing

　　过去分词作状语和动词短语

　　阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法

　　1．Seen from above，the old town is a maze of canals，little bridges and tiny cobbled streets that tourists get lost in.

　　2．Not invited，he became very disappointed.

　　3．Completely rebuilt，the town would not be so interesting.

　　4．Beaten by the opposite team，we didn't lose heart and encouraged each other.

　　5．Aunt Wu came in，followed by her daughter.

　　6．The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain，its peak covered with snow.

　　7．The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.

　　8．Lincoln said that it was not right for the south to break away from the Union.

　　9．Can you try to get them to bring down the price?

　　10．Others may have difficulty in moving.

　　Ⅰ.过去分词(短语)作状语

　　过去分词(短语)作状语是非谓语动词的重点之一，也是历年高考的重要考点之一，以下是对过去分词(短语)作状语的用法的归纳。

　　过去分词(短语)作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。

　　1．过去分词(短语)作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。

　　Written in a hurry，this article was not so good.

　　因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。(written in a hurry)是过去分词短语作状语，表示这篇文章是被写的，而且"被写"的动作已经完成)

2．过去分词(短语)作状语，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，此时应注意人称的一致，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。