Module10 Unit 1 Grammar学案

lead-in

1. The World Food Program, set up in 1963, has three polices: firstly , to save lives in times of crisis by sending grains such as rice; secondly, to improve nutritional standards and the quality of life in poor countries; and thirdly, to help develop the resources of these countries and to help unemployed people because independent.

Time sequence words(时间顺序关联词语)

2. Firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally, now, in the end, etc are time sequence words, which show the order of ideas or actions. They are linking words.

Links are needed between sentences to connect the ideas of the sentences to each other. Without these links, it is easy for readers to get confused. These links help readers work out what is going to happy next in a text.

3. Do you know how to plant a tree? Discuss the question in pair.

Firstly, we need to dig a hole and stand a stick in it. Secondly, we need to put the young plant into the hole and tie the plant to the sick. Finally, we need to put the earth back in the hole and water the area.

Cause and effect words (因果关系词语)

They show reasons and results of doing something. Common expressions that show cause and effect include for one thing, therefore, so, as a result, etc.

●Reporter: Why did you organize the concert? Bob: Well, for one thing, I wanted to raise money for the hungry people.

● It rained; therefore the football match was postponed.

Contrasting words (对照关联词语)

They are also important links between sentences and introduce an idea that is in contrast to the idea mentioned before. Common examples include however, in contrast, instead, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, etc.

e.g.

● He is tired, let me go instead.

● The news may be unexpected; nevertheless, it is true.