祈使句的直接引语变间接引语

　　引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语，即原封不动地引用原话，把它放在引号内；一种是间接引语，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内。

【语境展示】观察下面句子，并试着归纳转述祈使句的变化规律。

1. My mother said to me, "Please pass me the salt."

→My mother asked me to pass her the salt.

2. The teacher said to the students, "Hand in your homework tomorrow."

→The teacher told the students to hand in their homework the next day.

3. The scientist said to Kate, "Don't touch anything in the lab."

→The scientist told Kate not to touch anything in the lab.

4. "Stay in bed!" said the nurse taking care of him.

→The nurse taking care of him ordered him to stay in bed.

【自我归纳】

◆祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，一般采用"主语+谓语+宾语+不定式"结构。

◆谓语动词的选用应根据说话人的语气来决定，即：表示比较客气的请求时（注：句中如有please一词，变为间接引语后应去掉），用ask（第1组例句）；表示要求、吩咐时，用tell（第2、3组例句）；表示强烈的命令时，用order（第4组例句）。

◆如果直接引语是否定句，变为间接引语时，则要在不定式的________加上not（第3组例句）。

◆直接引语变为间接引语时，人称、动词、时态等需适当变化。

【拓展】

◆祈使句的直接引语变为间接引语时，还经常用到command (命令，吩咐), warn, advise等动词。如：

"Start to do your work at once," the boss said to us.

→The boss commanded us to start our work at once.

"Start to do the work early," my friend said to me.