M4U4 Body Language

Section Ⅲ Grammar

　　【学习目标】

自主、合作、探究、感知、分析、归纳-ing形式的一般式、主动式、一般被动式、完成主动式、完成被动式做状语的条件，并熟练应用，激情投入、提升自我。

【学法指导】

1) 学习分词做状语的常见句子结构及标点：________,________.

2) 做状语用的分词也有时态和语态之分。与主句动词的先后关系决定时态，主句的主语决定语态。故学习分词状语的核心有二：1) 观察两动词的先后；2)关注主句的主语。

【课前预习】

概念：1) V-ing形式除了adj.性质之外，还有adv.的性质，故可用来做状语，用来交代谓语动词发生的时间、条件、让步、原因、方式和伴随的动作。

doing

主动： having done

　　　 2) -ing形式包括四种形式 being done

被动： having been done

3) 用作状语的-ing形式必须与主句的主语存在一定的关系，具体关系如下：主动关系用doing或having done；被动关系用being done或having been done

4) 只有表原因和时间的分词才有完成式；

例句呈现：

1. Holding his head high, the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting.

2. European football is played in 80countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.

3. Not having received a reply, he decided to write again.

4. Dina, having struggled for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.

5. Having been given such a good chance, she planned to learn more.

6. Having been seriously injured in accident, he had to be taken to the hospital immediately.

Being tired out, he could not walk any further.