Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
关系副词引导定语从句
当先行词在定语从句中作状语时,通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where,when,why等。
一、关系副词where
1.where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place,room,house,spot,school,country等),在从句中作地点状语。
They went into the hall where the meeting was being held.他们走进正在开会的大厅。
2.where可以引导非限制性定语从句。
Galileo lived in the city of Pisa,where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high.
伽利略住在比萨城,那里有座大约180英尺高的斜塔。
3.关系副词where常可用"介词+关系代词"构成的表示地点的介词短语代替。
The office where (at which) he works is not far from here.他工作的办公室离这儿不远。
Japan is the place where (in which) earthquakes frequently happen.日本是地震频繁爆发的地方。
[温馨提示] where引导定语从句和状语从句的区别:
引导定语从句时,where是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语,其前有表示地点的名词作先行词,从句修饰先行词;引导状语从句时,where是从属连词,从句修饰主句的谓语动词,where前面没有表示地点的名词。
He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.(定语从句)
他使自己陷入了一种危险的情况,他很可能会失去对飞机的控制。
When you read the book,you'd better make a mark where you have questions.(状语从句)
读这本书的时候,你最好在有疑问的地方做一下标记。
二、关系副词when
1.when引导定语从句时,先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time,day,week,month,year等),在从句中作时间状语。
He came at a time when I least expected him.
他在我最意料不到的时候来了。
I'll never forget the day when I left for college with my father.我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去大学的那天。
2.when可以引导非限制性定语从句。