[语法初识]

原句感知 自主探究 ①Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest．

②Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day．

③Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off．

④Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right．

⑤Ten hours has passed since I came here． (1)group 作主语强调成员时，谓语动词用 复数 形式(句①)；family和group作主语强调整体时，谓语动词用 单数 形式(句③、④)。

(2)动词­ing短语作主语时，谓语动词要用第三称单数形式(句②)。

(3)表示时间、距离、金额、度量衡等名词作主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词用 单数 形式(句⑤)。 　　

　　[语法剖析]

　　谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，这叫主谓一致。主谓一致的应用主要有以下几种情况：

语法点一 名词作主语 　　

主语 谓语动词 可数名词单数或不可数名词 单数 可数名词复数 复数 只表示复数意义的集体名词people, police, cattle等 复数 family, class, group, team类集体名词 强调整体 单数 强调成员 复数 只作不可数名词用的集体名词clothing, equipment, furniture, jewellery等 单数 单复数同形的名词means, sheep, works, deer, fish等 根据其表达的单复数意义而定 只有复数形式的名词goods, clothes, remains，earnings等 复数 　　Tom has eggs and milk for breakfast．

　　汤姆早餐吃鸡蛋，喝牛奶。

　　His family is going to move．

　　他家准备搬走。

　　When I visited them yesterday, the family were having dinner．

　　昨天当我拜访他们时，他们一家人正在吃饭。

即时演练1