2019学年度外研版选修七Module 6 The World's Cultural HeritagePeriod 3 Grammar -- Subjunctive

■Goals

● To master the usage of the subjunctive mood

● To consolidate by practising

■Procedures

Step 1: Subjunctive

1. 虚拟语气

英语中动词一般有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气，不同的语气用不同的形式来表示。

陈述语气：用来陈述事实，描述状态，有肯定，否定，疑问，或感叹等形式。

如：People don't hibernate./Are you listening to the radio？

祈使语气：用来表示请求、命令、建议或劝告等。

如：Sit down, please./ Let me have a try.

虚拟语气：表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设，一般用于正式的书面语。

2. 虚拟语气的用法：

1）虚拟语气在条件句中的用法:

1表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词的主要形式如下:

非真实条件句 主句

动词的过去式 （ be的过去式用were ） would{should, could, might} +动词原形

We would go with you if we had time.

If I were you, I would consider their plan.

If I knew this telephone number, I would ring him up.

注意: should 多用于第一人称后。在非正式场合中，特别是在口语中，第一、二人称中单数现在用was的也不少。

If he was here, we could ask him.

2表示和过去事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

非真实条件句 主句

had+过去分词 would{should, could, might} +have done

If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

If you had come earlier, you might have met him.

If I had known your telephone number, I would have called you.

If I hadn't taken your advice, I would have made a bad mistake.

You wouldn't have caught a cold if you had put on more clothes.

3表示和将来事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

非真实条件句 主句

should /were to+ 动词原形

动词的过去时 would{should, could, might} +动词原形

If it should rain, the crops would be saved.