句子·剖析·拓展
The power of the Yangtze River,which is the world's third longest river,has been harnessed by the three Gorges Dam.
世界第三大河流--长江的水力已被三峡大坝所拦截利用。
【剖析】 1)本句的主干是the power has been harnessed,是被动语态。
2)which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰the Yangtze River,起补充说明作用,也可以省略which is,变成形容词短语the world's third longest river作非限制性定语。
3)the world's third longest river意思为"世界第三大河流"。定冠词与序数词连用表示"第几",用所有格形式表示比较范围。
【拓展】
注意非限制性定语与同位语的不同,非限制性定语对名词起修饰限制作用,一般在名词前面;同位语跟在名词后,对其作进一步解释,二者说的是同一件事或同一个人。非限制性定语可扩展成定语从句,而同位语一般不可,二者有时区别不大,尤其是名词短语。
The Three Gorges Dam ,which is the biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the grand Canal ,has been built to control flooding and provide hydroelectric power for the central region of China.
三峡大坝是继长城和大运河以来中国最大的建筑工程,它的修建是为了控制洪水泛滥并向华中地区提供电力。
【剖析】 1)本句主干部分为the Three Gorges Dam has been built,是被动语态。 2)句中which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Three Gorges Dam,也可以省略which is,变成形容词短语the biggest construction project...and the grand Canal作非限制性定语。 3)不定式短语to control flooding意思为"控制洪水泛滥",与后面的不定式短语provide...for the central region of China(由and连接,to承前省略)都作目的状语。
【拓展】 provide...for sb.意思是"提供......给某人",此短语还可用作provide sb.with...;与之同义的短语有supply sb.with sth.,supply sth.to sb.,offer sb.sth.,offer sth.to sb.。
Sun Yat-sen ,who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution ,first suggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919.
早在1919年,辛亥革命的领导人孙逸仙(中山)先生首次提出了建造横跨长江大坝的设想。
【剖析】 1)who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰Sun Yat-sen。
2)across the Yangtze River为介词短语作定语修饰dam,相当于定语从句which is across the Yangtze River。
【拓展】 1)suggest在句中意思为"建设;提议"时,可用于以下结构中:suggest doing sth.(建议做某事);suggest (that) sb.(should) do sth.(建议某人做某事),其中that和should都可省略;suggest a way to do sth.(建议做某事的方法);suggest to sb. that sb. should do sth.(向某人建议该做某事)。
2)还要注意suggest与advise的用法区别:advise sb. to do sth.(建议/劝说某人做某事),suggest则无此用法。其名词suggestion(建议)的同位语或表语从句中的谓语动词同样用虚拟语气,即用动词原形或should加动词原形。另外,当suggest作"暗示"讲时,后接名词或that从句,此时that要用陈述语气。
The dam will generate electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution.