导学案 2 Grammar ( Page18, 20, 21)

adverbial clauses with -ing （动词的-ing形式做状语）

1. Analyze the function of ving form in each sentence.

　Writing an English composition is not easy.

　I suggested asking his brother for some money.

　The ant queen's full-time job is laying eggs.

　He is fond of skiing.

　China is a developing country.

　Who is the man talking with your English teacher?

　I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.

　Seeing from the top of the hill, we find our hometown beautiful.

动词的-ing形式作状语，用来进一步说明谓语动词的动作或者说明整个句子所表达的概念，其逻辑主语应与主句的主语一致，即分词的动作必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，否则不能使用现在分词作状语。在意义上可表示时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果、让步等，这时它相当于一个状语从句。它的位置比较灵活，可以置于句首、句中或句末，有时用逗号分开，有时也不用，一般说来，用作原因，条件时，常位于句首；用作方式、结果、伴随状语时，常位于句末。

一. v.-ing作状语的用法

Hearing the news, they jumped with great joy.

(=When they heard the news, they jumped with great joy.) 听到这个消息，他们高兴得跳了起来。

Turning around (=____________________),she saw an ambulance driving up.

她转过身，看见一辆救护车开了过来。

注意：(1)如果强调分词短语所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，分词短语前可用when 或while等连词。如：

While working in the factory (=While I was working in the factory), I learnt a lot from the workers

我在工厂工作期间，从工人那里学到了很多东西。

When crossing the road (=_____________),look out for cars.过马路时，留心车辆。

On seeing her, he fell in love with her. 他对她一见钟情。

2. 用作原因状语,相当于as, since, because引导的从句。

　Being poor(=________________), she didn't want to buy the coat she liked.

　因为穷，她不想买那件喜欢的外套。

　Not knowing the way (=_____________), she asked a policeman .

　注意："现在分词being+名词（形容词）"位于句首，通常是作原因状语。不可以把它用作时间状语。如：

Being a senior middle school student, he must work hard.

=Because /as he is a senior middle school student, he must work hard.

3. 用作方式、伴随状语时不能用状语从句替换，但可以改成并列句。

She sat at the desk reading a newspaper(伴随).

=She sat at the desk and read a newspaper.

He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information.

4. 用作条件状语，相当于if, unless引导的从句。