2011届高考英语疑难解答选粹

一、语言基础知识及应用(词汇部分)

　　1. 您能举例讲一讲介词beyond的用法吗？

　　答：beyond一词是近年介词考查的热点。看看下面几个例句：

　　a. Beyond the mountains was the border territory. (beyond 在...另一边；越过...)

　　b. The disco went on beyond midnight. (beyond迟于...; 过了...以后)

　　c. Inflation has now risen beyond the level of 5%.(beyond超出...的范围; 非...所及)

　　d. Algebra was always beyond me.(be beyond sb. 对某人来说太难)

　　2. ______I haven't had any success. ______, I'll keep trying.

　　A. By far; However B. So far; But C. As far; However D. So far; However

　　答: 选D. so far迄今为止, 到目前为止. but是连词, however是副词. 这里要用表示转折意义的副词.

　　3. ---I usually go there by train.

　　---Why not ______by boat for a change?

　　A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going

　　答: 选D. why not后接动词原形, try doing sth.意思是: "试着做...", try to do sth.意思是: "努力/尽力做"

　　4. Some people would rather ride bikes as bike riding has ______of the trouble of taking buses.

　　A. nothing B. none C. some D. neither

　　答: 选B, none= not any (of)

　　5. The ______ look on her face suggested she was disappointed at it.

　　A. disappointing B. disappointed

　　His look was ______, so no one dared to get close to him.

　　A. frightened B. frightening

　　为什么这两题答案都是B? 请老师翻译一下这两个句子.

　　答: 弄清两个形容词意义的区别就不难理解了, interesting和interested是我们最熟悉的: interesting是指事物本身 "有趣的"; 而interested是指人对事物 :感兴趣的". 同样的. disappointing是指事物本身让人 "失望的"; disappointed是指人对事物 "感到失望的". frightening和frightened的区别也一样：frightening是指事物 "令人害怕的"，frightened是指人对事物 "感到害怕、恐惧"。.

　　这两个句子可翻译成：

　　（1） 她脸上失望的表情表明她对这件事感到失望。

　　（2） 他的表情令人害怕， 没人敢靠近他。

　　6．______new factories ______been set up in my hometown

　　A. A great deal of; have B. A good many' has

　　C. Many a ; has D. great many ;have

　　为什么不能选C？

　　答：本题考查两个知识点：（1）"许多"的英语表达及修辞关系；（2）主谓一致。 C项不对， 因为many a +单数可数名词。

　　7. He had to jump over the ______ wall to fetch the ball.

　　A. six foots high B. six feet high C. six-foot-high D. six-feet-high

　　为什么不能选D?

　　答: 复合名词作定语, 类似的表达: a five-year-old boy (一个五岁的男孩), 复合名词中的 year不能用years.

　　8. It is important to employ a word or phrase to the ______ in language studies.

　　A. situation B. expression C. condition D. translation

　　为什么不能用translation?

　　答: 本题考查名词意义的区别. 题意是: 在语言学习中找到适合情景的词语或短语非常重要.

　　9. Be able to 和can的区别是什么?

　　答: can是情态动词, 有 "能、会"的意思

　　 be able to是动词短语, 意思是 "能，能够"

　　 有时候这两个词可互换, 但be able to更强调能力

　　10. ---Are you a basketball player?

　　 --- ______.

　　A. Yes. I'm B. Yes I was C. Oh, I used to be D. Oh, I would be

　　答案是C. would be也可以表示过去常常. D为什么不可以呢?

　　答: 这里没有 "过去常常"的意思, 它隐含的意思是: "过去(曾经)是篮球队员, 但现在不是了", 表示 "过去一度,曾经"用used to: 而would多用来表示过去习惯的动作.

　　11. They reduced the costs ______30%.

　　A. as much as B. with as much as C. by as much as D. by as many as

　　这里C和D有何区别呢?

　　答: 答案是C. much和many有区别. 句义是指降低成本的幅度达到30%, 修饰程度、幅度用much， 不用many。

　　12．The twins are so much ______that it is difficult to tell one from another.

　　A. like B. alike C. same D. similar

　　答案是B。 D为什么不行呢？

　　答： alike相同的，同样的； similar近似的，类似的

　　 说两个双胞胎非常像， 用alike更准确。

　　13． In some fewer-developed countries, farmers are forced to plant cash crops in order to pay off the country's debts.（单句改错）

　　该题如何改？为什么？

　　答： fewer-developed改为less-developed（意即 "欠发达的"）.

　　14. How fun it is to see my classmate running fastest in the race! 错在哪?

　　答: What fun......!因为fun是名词.

　　15. Never mind是否等于It doesn't matter/That's OK?? 上次我遇到一选择题, 选与Never mind相同的项, 同时有这两个选项, 该选谁?

　　答: Never mind在口语中有两个主要意义: 一是 "别担心"相当于don't worry; 另一个是: "没关系, 不要紧"相当于it doesn't matter (about). 所以对表示歉意的回复, 可以说Never mind! That's all right. It doesn't matter. That's OK!

　　16. Many graduates in China do best to go broad to seek their ______.

　　A. luck B. chance D. fortune D. fate

　　答案是C. A和B从句意上也能讲通呀?

　　答: "to seek one's fortune" means "to try to find success in the world" "寻出路、去闯天下"的意思; "luck"和动词 "try"搭配构成 "try one's luck"(碰运气); "chance"这个词的词义里含有 "(具有某种偶然性的)机会"的意义

　　17. as和like有什么区别吗?

　　答: 作 "象......一样"讲, as是连词, like是介词.

　　 as也可用作介词, 其意义是 "相同; 作为".

　　18. ______ you can succeed in mastering a foreign language ______how hard you work at it.

　　A. That: lies in B. Whether: depends on

　　C. Whether; is decided by D. If; connected with

　　答案是B. 选C是不是也行呢?

　　答: 选C不行.

　　 选C是受汉语习惯影响而产生的CHINGLISH, 正中命题圈套. 事实上: decide的英文解释中含有make a choice的意思

　　19. 这句话如何翻译Man is born free yet everywhere he is in chains.

　　答: 人生来是自由的然而现在却无处不戴着锁链.

　　20. You can't imagine what great trouble they have ______ the problem ______.

　　A. to solve; being discussed B. solving; being talked about

　　答: B. solving; being talked about

　　前一空是固定短语: have great trouble/ difficulty (in) doing sth . 后一空是-ing短语作定语.

　　21. He was wandering in the park, ______ his time watching the children playing.

　　A. sparing B. killing

　　答: B. kill one's time 固定短语, "消磨时间"的意思.

　　22. I won't pay 200 dollars for the coat: it's not worth ______.

　　A. that much all B. that all much C. all that much D. much all that

　　请问老师该题选什么? 为什么?

　　答: 选C. all that much. all作副词修饰 that much.

　　23. The problem of over fishing is spreading. Since _______ can fish, _____ people do.

　　A. anyone, many B. no one, some C. someone most D. anyone, any

　　答: 答案A.

　　since引导的是原因状语从句, 主句中do是代动词---代替前面的动词fish. 句意是: 由于任何人都会捕鱼, 所以很多人捕鱼

　　24. Read more poem slowly, with a slight _____ at the end of each line.

　　A. rest B. stop C. pause D. space

　　该题答案是C, 我不明白, 麻烦老师解释一下!

　　答: 题干中 "略作停顿"的意思, 答案:pause, pause有 "暂停(以后会继续)"的意义;stop 是 "停止"的意思

　　25. We ______ several houses but haven't bought one yet.

　　A. looked into B. looked through C. went over D. went through

　　答: 答案: went over

　　 go over 有 "察看" 的意思, 用英文解释: to visit and examine

　　 其他几个短语没有这个意义.

　　26. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting. I'll make shorter work of this.

　　 --- ______ I'm not in a hurry.

　　A. Take it easy B. Take your time

　　C. Not at all D. Do as you please

　　答案是B. 选A行吗?

　　答: 题干中信息句I'll make shorter work of this的意思是: 我会尽快做完这件事.

　　Take it easy是 "别紧张、放松点"的意思.

　　Take your time是 "别着急、慢慢来"的意思.

　　显然这个语境中只能用Take your time..

　　27. They had a pleasant chat---a cup of tea.

　　A. for B. with C. during D. over

　　该题答案是D. 请问选C为什么不可以?

　　答: 这里用到over这个介词的比喻意义---"在...的时候", over a cup of tea=while having a cup of tea: 而during不能表达这个意思.

　　类似的用法: to hold a meeting over dinner吃饭时开会;

　　relaxing over a glass of wine一边喝酒一边休息.

　　28.______she was afraid at that time, she would have said no to the plan.

　　A. But for B. If C. But that D. When

　　请问该题选什么? 为什么? 该句如何解释?

　　答: But for "要不是", 表示与过去或现在事实相反的条件(虚拟条件), 全句翻译为: 要不是他当时害怕, 他就不会同意那个计划.

　　29. Then I stopped ______ at a shop in order to get some fresh fruit.

　　A. off B. away C. over D. here

　　答: stop off (非正式) 中途停留, 中途下车

　　eg: Let's stop off for a drink.

　　stop over中途停留, 它强调的是 "较长旅途中的停留"

　　30. 请问wood和wooden有什么区别?

　　答: wood和wooden有区别:

　　wood---n.木材, 木料, 木头, 木柴

　　wooden-adj "made of wood"木制的

　　31. ______Did the boss treat you well?

　　______His attitude to me was like ______a friend.

　　A. the one of B. that of

　　答: that做代词, 表示特指概念, 既可指代单数可数名词, 也可指代不可数名词, 相当于 "the+名词"

　　eg: Few pleasures can equal ______ of a cool drink on a hot day.

　　从题意分析, 代词指代的热天喝冷饮的 "快乐" 即the pleasure (of a cold drink), 为特指概念, 这儿应填that此处that替代的是 "the+可数名词单数(pleasure)"

　　32. A book may be compared to the company you keep. If it is good, you cannot keep it ______ long; it bad; you cannot get rid of it ______early.

　　A. too; very B. so; so C. too; too D. very; too

　　答: 答案: A

　　弄清so, very, too作副词用在意义上的区别, 是正确答题的关键:

　　so---to such a (great) degree强调达到某种程度, "如此" "这么, 那么(......以致)"的意思;

　　very---especially; to a great degree用于加强语气, "很, 非常"

　　not very---in no way; only slightly, to a small degree "决不"、"确实不"; "不大, 稍微"

　　too---more than enough; to a higher degree than is necessary, right, or good. 带有一定的感情色彩, "太, 过分"

　　题中第一空显然用too , "好的公司你不能呆太久"/ "好书你不能拥有太久" (隐含: "尽管主观上你想, 但客观上不能") 第二空符合not very的第一个意思, 意即: 不好的公司你想尽早摆脱、不好的书你想尽快放弃也决不能实现.

　　33. ______his parents are workers.

　　A. Not both B. Not all C. Neither D. None of

　　答: His parents指的是两个人, B D 两项不对; C项 neither作主语时谓语动词用单数.

　　34. New reports say peace talks between the two countries ---with no agreement reached.

　　A. have broken down B. have broken out

　　C. have broken in D. have broken up

　　答案是A. 我觉得应选D, 请老师解答一下!!!

　　答: 弄清break所构成的几个短语在意义上的区别, 尤其是break down和break up的区别;

　　break down用作不及物动词短语, 有 "挫折、失败" (to come to an unsuccessful end)的意思.

　　break up用作及物或不及物动词短语, 也有 "结束、失败、破裂"的意思, 用英文解释为: to come or bring to an end, especially by separation.. 理解这个解释, 也就会知道break up所造成的结果里含有 "分开、分离"的意义.

　　再看看句子所表达的意义, 这里用have broken down更恰当.

　　35． turn out后面可接adv. 例如:Everything turned out well. turn out 后面还可接adj. 例如:The boy turned out successful after all.请问老师这两种说法不矛盾吗? 什么时候接adv什么时候接adj?

　　答: 这两种说法不矛盾. 前句中副词well修饰动词短语turn out (here "turn out" means "come out"); 后句中turn out是 "结果(是)、原来（是）、证明（是）", 作这个意义讲时, 其后可接名词、形容词、to be......

　　eg: The party turned out a success.

　　His statement turned out to be false.

　　36． Common, usual, ordinary有什么区别？

　　答：ordinary强调 "平淡无奇" "很普通", usual指所熟悉的常用的东西或常发生的事件, common有"习见习闻, 并不高贵"的意思.

　　做做下面几道题:

　　1) My ______ chair has been moved from its ______place.

　　2) Smith is a ______ name in England.

　　3) As ______, he arrived last.

　　4) I have got an(a) ______ car, nothing special.

　　(KEY: 1. USUAL, UAUAL 2. COMMON 3. USUAL 4. ORDINARY)

　　37. Could you tell me the difference between require and judge? Thank you!

　　答: require---to need or make necessary 需要

　　eg: This suggestion will require careful thought.

　　---to demand by right 要求, 命令

　　eg: All passengers are required to show their tickets.

　　judge---判断, 审判, 评判

　　eg: Try to judge the distance from here to the car.

　　Who will judge the case?

　　Experts were invited to judge the exhibits at the flower show.

　　38. so as to和in order to的用法有何区别?

　　答: so as to 和in order to后接动词表示目的, 相当于动词不定式表目的的用法, 他们不同的地方在于: in order to 短语可用在句首, 而so as to短语不能.

　　eg: They are on a spending plan in order to make ends meet.

　　In order to make ends meet, they have to go on a spending plan.

　　第一句中in order to可以用so as to替换; 而第二句不能.

　　39. 请说明convenient一词的用法.

　　答: convenient adj 在句中常用做定语和表语.

　　eg: a convenient house/time (suited to one's needs)

　　Our house is convenient for the shops. (near; easy to reach)

　　注意上两例中convenient的意义.受汉语习惯影响, 我们常常会看到这样的错句:

　　Come and chat with me whenever you are convenient.

　　根据convenient的意义, 正确的表达应该是:

　　Come and at with me whenever it is convenient for you.

　　40. "Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ______ his boss."

　　A. serves. B. satisfies C. promises D. supports

　　请说明这是个什么从句? 并解释每一个答案的区别及用法.

　　答: 答案:satisfies

　　首先分析句子结构: 这是一个包含三个从句的复合句, 句子的主干是Nick is looking for another job..., because 引导的从句是原因状语从句, 在这个从句中有包含that引导的从句作feels的宾语, 省略了关系代词的定语从句he does修饰代词nothing.

　　 弄清了句子结构再来看句子的意义: nick在找另一份工作因为他感觉到他所做的事情没一件让老板满意的. 因此, 我们选择satisfies. 其他几个动词serves是 "服务", promises是 "答应", supports是 "支持"的意思, 在这儿都不符合语境.

　　41. 请问change into, chang for的区别是什么?

　　答: change......for......: "以......换......"; "兑换"

　　eg: She took the dress back to the shop and changed it for another.

　　Where can it change Euro for foreign money?

　　change into: means: to become; cause to become 变成, 转换成, 使变成

　　eg: The scientists tried to change iron into gold.

　　The cat changed into a beautiful princess.

　　42. Welcome一词有哪些用法?

　　答: (1) interj.---an expression of pleasure at someone's arrival or return. 欢迎

　　eg: Welcome back to school.

　　Welcome to Canada.

　　(2) vt. a. ---to meet or greet, esp. with pleasure. 欢迎(来访者), 欢喜地迎接

　　eg: They welcomed him with flowers.

　　b. ---to receive (someone) into the stated place with greetings. (将某人)迎到某处

　　eg: They welcomed the guests in.

　　(3) adj. ---acceptable and wanted 受欢迎的; 会被接纳的

　　 ---pleasant and likeable 可喜的

　　 ---allowed freely (to have), sometimes because not wanted 随......的便; 被允许的

　　eg: a welcome suggestion/ a welcome change

　　You are welcome to do whatever you like.

　　(4) n. ---a greeting on arrival 欢迎; 迎接

　　eg: They gave us a warm welcome.

　　43. learn to do, learn doing, learn how to do有何区别?

　　答: learn的用法

　　(1) learn to do sth. 学---, 学会---

　　She has learned to drive a car. 她已学会了开车.

　　Have you learned to speak French? 你学会说法语了吗?

　　You must learn to be more patient. 你应该学会更有耐性.

　　(2) learn how/what to do sth. 学习做什么(怎样做)

　　Have you learned how to drive a car? 你学会开车了吗?

　　I learned how to do with it in case of emergency. 我学会了在紧急状况下如何应变.

　　(3) learn sth. from sb. 从---了解/学会---

　　We learned English from an American teacher. 我们跟一位美国教师学习英语.

　　She learned cooking (n.) from her mother. 她从她母亲那儿学的烹饪.

　　一般说来, learn后面不跟动词ing形式 . 上句中的cooking是名词. 另外, 还有learn of sth.. (了解/听说---)、learn--- by heart（熟记---， 背诵---）也是常用的词组。 如：

　　I learned of the matter from my neighbour. 我从我的邻居那儿听说了这件事。

　　You'd better learn more English texts by heart. 你最好多背一些英语课文。

　　44. I've got a terrible headache. I tried ______ some medicine but it didn't help.

　　A. to take B. having taken C. taking D. to have taken

　　该题答案是C. B项不行吗?

　　答: try doing "试着做..." tried用了过去时, 句子陈述过去的动作, -ing短语不用完成形式.

　　45． 老师你能举例说明reach一词的用法吗？

　　答： 这里简单谈谈reach这个词的一些常见的用法；

　　（1） 用作不可数名词， 有"伸手可及的距离， 容易达到的距离/范围"的意思。

　　例如: The bottle was within/out of his reach.

　　We live within easy reach of the shops.

　　It's beyond the reach of my imagination.

　　（2） 用作及物动词， 有 "到达， 伸手去取， 与......联系"等意义.

　　例如: After several changes of plane, we finally reached Paris on Tuesday morning.

　　Are you tall enough to reach the apple on the tree?

　　You can always reach him on this phone number.

　　（3） 用作不及物动词, 有"伸展, 延伸, 伸出"等意义.

　　例如:The garden reaches down to the lake.

　　He reached across the table and picked up the book.

二、 语言基础知识及应用 （语法部分