Unit 2 The United Kingdom grammar学案

过去分词作宾补

作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系

1.及物动词（短语）的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。

例如：I want the letter posted. 我想把这封信寄出去。

2. 少数不及物动词如 go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。

例如：She found her necklace gone on her way home. 在回家的路上，她发现项链不见了。

3. 动词 seat, hide, dress, lose, devote 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示状语而不表示被动的意义，因此，虽然宾语与它们存在逻辑上的主动关系，但也只能用它们的过去分词作宾语补足语。

例如：When I came in, I found a strange girl seated in the corner. 我进来时，发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。

需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况:

1.使役动词get ,have ,make, keep，leave等后，可用过去分词做宾语补足语，表："致使某人或某事被..."

We should keep them informed of what is going on here.

Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist's.

2 .感官动词feel, find, hear, notice, see, watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表："感受到某人或某事被做"。

I was sleeping when I heard my name called.

He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.

I saw him beaten by his mother.

3. 表示"意欲；命令"的动词如：like ,order, want, wish,相当于过去分词短语前省略了to be, 表示"希望/要求某人或某事被做"

I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible

He didn't want such question discussed at the meeting.