Section_ⅢGrammar-_过去分词作状语和短语动词

　　语法图解

　　探究发现

　　①Seen from above, the old town is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny cobbled streets that tourists get lost in.

　　②Not invited, he became very disappointed.

　　③Completely rebuilt, the town would not be so interesting.

　　④Beaten by the opposite team, we didn't lose heart and encouraged each other.

　　⑤Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.

　　⑥The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain, its peak covered with snow.

　　⑦A big fire broke out last night in that village.

　　⑧When he read the book, he came across many new words.

　　[我的发现]

　　(1)①～⑤句中，黑体部分均在句中作状语，分别表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随。

　　(2)由②句可知，过去分词作状语时，其否定形式通常是在分词前加not。

　　(3)⑥句中分词作状语，有自己独立的主语，这叫独立主格结构。

　　(4)⑦⑧句中黑体部分为短语动词。

　　一、过去分词(短语)作状语

　　1．定义

　　及物动词的过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成的意义，功能上相当于一个表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步和方式等的状语从句，其逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致。

(1)过去分词作时间状语时，可转换为when, while, after或before引导的时间状语从句。