Unit 7 Will people have robots?
◆ 一般将来时基本概念
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成,shall 用于第一人称,will用于第二、三人称。在口语中,常用shall, will的缩写形式为'll , 如:I'll, you'll等。Shall not的缩写式为: shan't, will not 的缩写式为:won't.
肯定句:I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They Will go.
否定句:I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They Will not go. 疑问句:Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go?
◆一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用,如: tomorrow(明天), next week(下周), from now on(从现在开始);in the future(将来)等。 其时间状语有如下几种 (1) this引导的短语 如 this year (2) tomorrow及其相关短语如tomorrow morning (3) next引导的短语 如 next month (4) from now on in the future in an hour 等。
◆一般将来时四种用法
(1)Will/Shall+ 动词原形 表示将要发生的动作或情况。
a. I will (shall) arrive tomorrow. b. Will you be free tonight? c. We won't (shan't) be busy this evening.
在以第一人称I或we作主语的问句中,一般使用助动词shall,这时或是征求对方的意见(a),或是询问一个情况(b):
a. Where shall we meet? 我们在哪儿碰头? b. Shall we have any classes tomorrow? 明天我们有课吗?
在这类问句中,近年来也有不少人用will。例如: How will I get there? 我怎么去?
(2)be going to+动词原形
①表示打算、准备做的事。例如: a. How are you going to spend your holidays?假期你准备怎样过?
②表示即将发生或肯定要发生的事。例如: a. I think it is going to snow. b. There's going to be a lot of trouble about this.
③"will"句型与"be going to"句型区别。前者表示纯粹将来,后者表示打算、计划、准备做的事情,更强调主语的主观意愿。例如: a. Tomorrow will be Saturday. b. We are going to visit Paris this summer.
(3)用现在进行时表示。
表示位置转移的动词(如:go, come, leave, start, come, go, arrive, reach等),可用现在进行时态表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。如: a. Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。 b. They're leaving for Beijing. 他们即将前往北京。
(4)"be to+动词原形"和 "be about to+动词原形"表示将来。
①"be to+动词原形"表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。例如:
a. Are we to go on with this work? 我们继续做吗? b. He is to visit Japan next year. 明年他将访问日本。
②"be about to+动词原形"表示即将发生的动作,意为:很快,马上。 We are about to leave.我们马上就走。
◇there be句型中一般将来时的用法 There will be... There is/are going to be...
a. There is going to be a basketball match this afternoon. b. There will be a party in his house.
重点短语
1. fewer people 更少的人(fewer修饰名词复数)
2. less free time 更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词)
3. make predictions 做预测
4. study at home on computers 呆在家里通过电脑学习
5. on a piece of paper 在一张纸上
(注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词)
6. live to be 200 years old 活到200岁
7. in ten years 10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时,提问用How soon)
8. fall in love with sth./ sb. 爱上某物/某人
be in love with sth./ sb. 与某物/某人相恋
9. live alone独居
10. keep pets 养宠物
11. look smart 看上去聪明
12. be able to 能够
13. 13.twenty years from now 从现在算起20年
14. come true 实现
15. see sb. do sth. 看见sb.做某事
doing sth. 看见sb.正在做某事
16. help sb. with sth. / help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事
17. hundreds of+复数 数以百计的;数百/几百(概数,类似还有thousands of; millions of)
18. try to do sth. 尽力做某事
19. make sb do sth. 使...做...
20. the same as 和......相同 (A be different from B A与B不同)
21. wake up 醒来(wake sb. up表示 "唤醒某人")
22. over and over again 一遍又一遍,反复
23. get/be bored (of...) 厌倦(...)
24. look for 寻找,强调过程 find 强调结果。
25. in the future 将来
* 1. more, less, fewer的用法区别:
more为many, much的比较级,意为"更多",可修饰可数与不可数名词。