语法·剖析
谈谈英语倍数表达法
本单元第二篇Reading中有诸如"I found I was carried twice as far as(I was) on the earth and fell over."的句子,其中用了倍数的表达法,下面我们就来学习英语倍数表达法:
1.用times表示倍数(一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍的数,一般用twice)
其句型有:
1)...times+形容词(副词)比较级+than...。如:
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.
这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。(是我们教室的六倍大)
2)...times +as+形容词(或much)或副词原级+as...。如:
The big box is four times as heavy as the small one.
大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。
3)...times +the+名词(size,height,weight,length,width)+of。如:
This big tree is four times the height of that small one.
这棵大树的高度是那棵小树的四倍。(比那棵小树高三倍)
4)...times+more+名词(可数,不可数)+than...。如:
There are four times more books in our library than in yours.
我们图书馆藏书(数量)是你们图书馆的四倍。(多三倍)
5)...times +as many(或much)+名词+其他。如:
There are three times as many apples in this basket as in that one.
这个篮里的苹果是那个篮里的三倍。
There are five times as many students as we expected.
这里的学生是我们预计的五倍。
6)...times +over+被比对象,表示"增加......倍"。如:
The grain output in that village was twice over that of 1978.
那个村的粮食产量比1978年的增加了两倍。
7)...times +that of+被比较的对象表示"是......倍"。如:
In this workshop,the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.
这个车间7月份的产量是1月份的3.5倍。
2.用double表示倍数。
1)double作形容词,表示"两倍的"。如:
The production is now double what it was ten years ago.
现在的产量是十年前的两倍。
2)double作动词,意为"是......的两倍"。如:
The output has been doubled in the past five years.
过去五年中产量翻了一番。
名词性从句(二)
本单元的语法项目是主语从句的用法,下面我们来总结一下。
主语从句的两种结构和三类连接词:
1.英语中的主语从句(the subject clause)在句中作主语,有以下两种结构:
1)主语从句位于句首。如:
What he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world.