2018-2019学年度译林版选修六Unit4Helping people around the world Section4Grammar and writing学案

　　虚拟语气(Ⅱ)　

　　[语法初识]　

原句感知 自主探究 ①If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.

②He looks as if he had seen a ghost.

③He looks as if he were an artist.

④If only the alarm clock had rung.

⑤If only I were you!

⑥I wish he had visited us last night.

⑦I would rather (that) I had not seen it.

⑧I would rather you painted the wall green next time.

⑨I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.

⑩It is time that the children went/should go to bed. (1)①句中从句的谓语动词为had asked，是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气；主句的谓语动词为would know，是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。

(2)由②③④⑤句可以看出，as if从句和if only后的句子常用虚拟语气。表示对过去的虚拟用过去完成时，如②④句；表示对现在的虚拟用一般过去时(be动词常用were)，如③⑤句。

(3)由⑥⑦⑧句可以看出，wish和would rather后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。表示对过去的虚拟用过去完成时，如⑥⑦句；would rather后接的宾语从句中若表示对将来的虚拟用一般过去时，如⑧句。

(4)在表示建议、命令、要求等意义的词如suggest, order，command, require等词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词常用(should＋)动词原形，如⑨句。

(5)由⑩句可以看出，在句型"It is time that ..."中，从句的谓语动词既可以使用一般过去时，也可以使用"should＋动词原形"。