[语法初识]

原句感知 自主探究 ①English is spoken all over the world.

②Researchers were brought in from all over China.

③A meeting was being held when I got there.

④In Pakistan rice will be grown in many parts of the country.

⑤The new hybrid rice has been developed by the Yuan Longping High­tech Agricultural Company of China.

⑥The shop closes at 6：00 pm every day.

⑦The dish smells delicious.

⑧The new product by the company sells well.

⑨She practises pronunciation by reading aloud.

⑩People usually greet each other by shaking hands. 1.根据①～⑤句可知，被动语态的构成是：be＋过去分词，被动语态的时态体现在动词be上。

2．⑥⑦⑧句中谓语动词以主动形式表示被动意义。

3．⑨⑩句中，by＋doing表示通过......方式。 　　[语法剖析]

语法点一 复习被动语态

　　1．被动语态的构成

　　英语中动词的被动语态由"be的适当形式＋及物动词的过去分词"构成。在被动语态中，人称、数和时态的变化都是通过be的变化表现出来。英语的被动语态有如下几种：

一般时 进行时 完成时 现在 ＋p.p. ＋being＋p.p. ＋been＋p.p. 过去 ＋p.p. ＋been＋p.p. had＋been＋p.p. 将来 ＋be＋p.p. ＋have been＋p.p. 过去

将来 ＋be＋p.p. ＋have been＋p.p. 　　Knives are used for cutting things.

　　刀子是用来切东西的。

　　More trees will be planted next year.

　　明年要栽更多的树。

　　All the work has been done now.

　　所有的工作现在都做好了。

　　The man was being questioned by the police.

　　那个人正在被警察问讯。

　　2．进行语态转换时须注意的问题

(1)不及物动词不能用于被动语态；表示状态的动词一般不用于被动语态。