Period 3 Grammar

学习目标

1. wish表虚拟；Grammar Subjunctive (1)

2. wish+宾语从句表示不能实现的愿望。

重难点

1. 使用wish 表达过去或现在的遗憾。

2. 虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法。预习案

I.语法自学

Step 1. Function

wish+宾语从句表示不能实现的愿望：虚拟现在，谓语动词用过去时；虚拟过去，谓语动词用过去完成时；虚拟将来，谓语动词用"would/could+动词原型"。

　How I wish I hadn't missed such a wonderful performance!

　I wish I were as rich as you.

　I wish you would go with me.

Step 2. Grammar Subjunctive (1)

英语中有两种条件句：真实条件句和非真实条件句。真实条件句表示提出的假设完全可以成为现实，谓语动词用陈述语气。非真实条件句表示所提出的假设实现的可能性极小或与事实相反，谓语动词用虚拟语气。虚拟语气也可表示愿望，请求及建议等。

1. 虚拟语气用语条件从句的结构

虚拟情况 虚拟条件句 主句 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气

If+主语+had +过去分词 主语+should/would/could/

might +have+过去分词 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气 If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were） 主语+should/would/could/

might+动词原形 与将来事实相反的虚拟语气 ①If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were）

②If +主语+were to+动词原型

③If +主语+should+动词原型 主语+should/would/could/

might+动词原形 例如：

1. If he had had enough money then, he would have bought that dictionary.

2. If they had not studied hard, they would have failed in the exam.

3. If we had caught the first bus, we might have arrived now.

4. If it were you, I would give up smoking.

5. If he had time, he would come to help you.

6. If she had money, she might lend you some.

7. If it should snow tomorrow, we could have a snowball fight.

8. If I were to go to the moon some day, I could see the surface of the moon with my own eyes.

9. If you missed the film tonight, you would feel sorry for it.

2. 使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：

（1）混合（错综）型虚拟条件句

当条件从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为"错综虚拟条件句"或"混合虚拟条件句"，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整，根据其实