[语法初识]

原句感知 自主探究 ①If you say the word "communication"， most people think of words and sentences.

②How can he help when they won't let him?

③You won't arrive there on time unless you take a plane.

④Even if you were busy, you should take care of your family.

⑤Clever as he is, he doesn't make great efforts in his lesson.

⑥However much I tried, I couldn't work the

question out.

⑦He keeps taking physical training in winter no matter how cold it is.

⑧Although/Though she works very hard, yet (still) she makes very slow progress. 1.①②③句中，黑体部分引导条件状语从句；④～⑧句中，黑体部分引导让步状语从句。

2．由③句可知，在条件状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

3．⑧句中although/though引导让步状语从句不与but连用，但可以与yet或still连用。

4．由⑤句可知， as引导让步状语从句且置于句首时，从句用倒装语序。

5．⑥⑦句中， however与no matter how都引导让步状语从句，两者可以换用。 　　

　　[语法剖析]

语法点一 条件状语从句 　　

　　1．引导条件状语从句的常用引导词为：if, unless, as/so long as, once, in case, on condition that, supposing (that), providing (that), provided (that), given (that), when (如果)等。在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。

　　We will come over to see you on Wednesday if we have time.

　　如果有空，我们星期三来看你。

　　Unless you go at once, you will be late.

　　如果你不马上走，就会迟到。

　　As long as she did this, all would be well.

　　只要能做到这一点她就可以万事大吉。

　　She will leave her key with her neighbor in case she locks herself out one day.

　　她要留一把钥匙给邻居，以防某天把自己锁在外面。

　　Suppose/Supposing the plane doesn't arrive on time, what shall I do?

　　假定飞机不能准时到，我该怎么办？

　　2．真实条件句与非真实条件句

　　假设的情况有可能发生的条件句叫真实条件句；假设的情况完全是一种假设或发生的可能性不大的条件句则叫非真实条件句，非真实条件句用虚拟语气。

　　If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.

　　(真实条件)如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。

If I were you, I would invite him to the party.